TAPHOZOOS. 17 



which the first minute pi-emolar scarcely ap'pears above the level of the 

 gum. Last molar a narrow transverse bony lamina. Most of the 

 species have a peculiar glandular sac between the angles of the lower 

 jaw, — a sexual character ; also a small band of integument which 

 passes from the inferior surface of the forearm to the proximal 

 extremity of the fifth metacarpal bone, forming with the wing membrane 

 a small pouch, — the radio-metacarpal pouch. 



Taphozous longimanus, Eardw. Linn. Trans, xiv. p. 525; 

 Tern. Monog. Mamm. ii. p. 289; Kelaart. Prod. Faunce. Zeijl. p. 12; 

 Dobson, r. A. S. B. Aug. ]875, p. 55 ; id. Monog. As. Ohir. p. 170; Gat. 

 Chir. Br. Mus. p. 384. — The Long-akmed Bat. 



Gular sac well developed; in the females represented by a rudimentary 

 naked fold of skin. Radio-metacarpal pouch moderately developed. 

 Inner margin of the ear smooth. Wings from the aukles. Muzzle and 

 face nude ; the fur of the head extends slightly in front of the eyes. 

 Inner side of ear conch rather thickly covered with moderately long 

 fine hair ; posteriorly the ear is almost naked, except a few fine hairs 

 along the outer margin. On the upper surface of the body the fur 

 extends upon the wing membrane as far as a line joining the middle 

 of the humerus and femur ; posteriorly the interfemoral membrane is 

 covered as far as the point of exit of the tail, along which some long 

 fine hairs extend. Beneath, under the chin (excepting the nude gular 

 pouch) the fur is very short. Antebrachial membrane covered with 

 longer fur than upon the upper surface. The interfemoral membrane 

 posteriorly is naked, except at the root of the tail. Colour reddish or 

 fuscous brown to black. Upper incisors small and very slender in some 

 individuals ; absent in the greater number of specimens. 



Length. — Head and body 3'1*, tail 1"15*, head 0'95*, ear O'S", tragus 

 0-25'', forearm 2-45", thumb 0-3', 3rd finger 4-2', 5th finger 2-15*, tibia 

 0-95*, calcaneum, OBo", foot 0-45''. 



Hah. — Sind, Bombay, Madras, Calcutta, Travancore, the Indian 

 Peninsula generally, Ceylon and Burmah. 



Taphozous saccolsemus, Tem. Monog. Mam. ii. p. 285 ; Dobson, 

 Monog. As. Chir. p. 172; Gat. Ghir. Br. Mus. p. 388 ; T. pulcher, /. 

 A. S. B. xiii. p. 491. — The White-bellied Bat. 



Ears shorter than the head. Tragus concave on outer surface, 

 upper margin convex, with a marginal fringe posteriorly, of fine hairs ; 

 inner margin of the ear conch smooth, not papillate. Gular sac well 

 developed in both sexes. Lower lip with a deep narrow groove in the 

 centre of its upper surface and in front. No radio-metacarpal pouch. 

 Wings from the ankles. Literfemoral membrane, legs, and feet nahed. 

 Fur of the body on the upper surface scarcely extends on the wing 

 membrane. Beneath, the chin and sides of the gular sac are covered 

 with very short hair, the thorax and abdomen with moderately long 

 fur, as on the upper surface. Pur, above, white at the base, the greater 

 part of the hairs dark brown ; the surface mottled with small irregular 

 white patches ; beneath reddish brown. 



