^aiALiTis. 225 



soiled white. In tlie summer pluma^Oj tlie upper plumage is muck 

 darker^ nearly black, the yellow spots less numerous and smaller, the 

 forehead is white, and the cheeks, throat, neck, and entire under 

 parts are black j primaries black, the shafts of the first three white ; 

 secondaries tipped with white, also the median wing-coverts; tail 

 brownish with transverse band of black. 



Length.— 10 to 10-5 inches, wing 6-75, tail 2-75, bill at front 0-87, 

 tarsus 1"75, bill dusky at base, black at the tip, irides deep brown. 

 , Hah. — Sind, Paujab, Kutch, Kattiawar, Deccan, and India generally, 

 in open plains or in the vicinity of rivers and ploughed fields. 



Charadrius pluvialis? Lltm. — The European Golden Plover. 



Winter Plumage. — Forehead yellowish white, streaked and spotted 

 with pale brown and grey ; head on the sides greyish brown ; the crown, 

 back of neck and nape greyish brown with purple refleptious and 

 yellow angular spots on the edges and tips of the feathers; chin and 

 throat whitish ; breast dusky greyish white, tinged yellow, and spotted 

 with darker grey ; axillary plumes white ; greater and lesser wing-coveits 

 greyish black, the spots paler and the feathers of the greater coverts 

 tipped with white; the tail is deep brown, and barred obliquely with 

 yellowish or yellowish white ; upper tail-coverts like the back. In 

 summer it undergoes the same change as longipes, but the yellow 

 becomes brighter, and the lower parts intense black, except the sides 

 of the neck, breast and body, which are yellowish white, with dark and 

 dusky patches or marblings ; primaries and secondaries dusky brown, 

 the shafts of the firet five white anteriorly. 



Length. — 10-5 to ll'S inches, wing 75, bill black, irides deep brown. 



Hah. — Sind, Punjab, and Beloochistan. 



This species was first entered in the Sind list by Mr. Hume with a 

 query. Since then all the specimens obtained by myself and others 

 were lotigipes. In my Hand Booh mention was made th.a,t pi avid li.< 

 would be found to occur, Mr. Blanford having recorded it from 

 only 200 miles further west at Gwadur. Mr, Brooks, Stray Featler,% 

 viii. 489, records it now from near Sehwan. Mr. Hume, in vol. i. p. 229 of 

 Stray Feathers, points out the difference between fidvus or longipes 

 and virginicus from America. He saj^s, " pluvialis is at once distin- 

 guished by its pure white axillary plumes, which in fulvus are 

 brownish or smoke grey. Fulvus and virginicus differ chiefly in their 

 relative proportions, the former being always smaller." The following 

 are the dimensions of the three given by Harting : — 



BiU. 

 C. Virginicus ' 1" 



0. Fulvus 0'8 to 0-9 



C, Pluvialis 0"9 



Gen. MgialitiS.—Boie, 



Bill slender, grooved on upper mandible for two-thirds its length ; 

 front of bill raised; upper mandible slightly the longer; 1st quill 

 longest. 

 23 z 



