ENDOTHIA PARASITICA AND RELATED SPECIES. 11 
course, it can not be positively stated that Z. fluens does not occur 
on Fagus in this country, but if it does it must be rare. In this con- 
nection, it is also perhaps worthy of note that, notwithstanding the 
mention of Fagus as a host in Europe, the writers have never seen 
any European specimens of Endothia on this host. The specimens 
so named by Roumeguere and distributed as No. 989 Fun. Gal. on 
beech are, according to several specimens examined, evidently a 
young condition of some Hypoxylon, probably H. coccinewm, which 
in this state bears a superficial resemblance in form and color to the 
stromata of Endothia, but can be easily distinguished by the dark- . 
brown or blackish color of the interior of the stroma. The identity 
of Schweinitz’s Sphaeria gyrosa with the long ascospore form of 
Endothia shown on Plate VII is based on careful microscopic 
study of the stromata and measurement of the pycnospores from 
four specimens of the original collections of Schweinitz in North 
Carolina, three on Fagus and one labeled Juglans. The three on 
Fagus show the typical pycnidial stromata and pycnospores of the 
species, either of which is sufficient for positive identification when 
» thoroughly known: The specimen referred to by: Schweinitz as on 
Juglans also shows typical pycnospores of Z. gyrosa. The evidence, 
as stated above, leaves no reasonable doubt as to the identity of the 
fungus which Schweinitz described as Sphaeria gyrosa. 
According to a specimen which is probably a portion of Schwei- 
nitz’s type found in Michener’s herbarium, Peziza. cinnabarina 
Schw. is the pycnidial form of £. gyrosa (Schw.) (See Pl. IV.) 
It is the form with small pycnidia on bare wood of Liquidambar. 
This was first reported by Schweinitz as “ Peziza flammea A. and 8.” 
and later changed as above. Later Saccardo (69, vol. 8, p. 399), 
thinking that this was a Discomycete, transferred it to the genus 
Lachnella. 
The other American species of Endothia which was described by 
Schweinitz as Sphaeria radicalis and first published by Fries in 1828 
(31, p. 73) has also until recently been more or less misunderstood. 
The only specimens of this species found at present in Schweinitz’s 
mounted collection at the Philadelphia Academy of Science is a 
small piece of bark of an oak root bearing a few pyenidial stromata. 
No host was given in Fries, but Schweinitz in 1832 (74 p. 197) gives 
Fagus as the host. That this was an error and that the host was 
really Quercus and not Fagus is clearly indicated by all of Schwei- 
nitz’s specimens examined, not only those in the Philadelphia 
Academy but those found in several herbaria in Europe and one in 
Curtis’s herbarium at Harvard, and also in Schweinitz’s autograph 
label on the original packet in his herbarium. A photograph of this 
packet is shown in Plate VI. — 
The description of this species was first published by Fries in 
1898 (21 n 72). Schweinitz’s enecimen at the Philadelphia Academy 
