32 BULLETIN 380, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
PYCNOSPORES. 
The pycnospores of all the species are oblong elliptic to cylindric 
in shape and so small as to make accurate measurement very difficult. 
Slight but apparently constant differences in their size in certain 
groups of species may, however, be traced. These differences are 
clearly shown in Table I. 
Endothia gyrosa, E. singularis, and £’. longtrostris have smaller 
pycnospores than the other species, the most frequent lengths being 
3 and 3.5 p. The pycnospores of £. singularis are slightly broader 
than those of #. gyrosa and E. longirostris, being 1.5 to 2 p, as 
against 1 to 1.5 p in the last two species. 
Endothia fluens, E. fluens mississippiensis, and £. parasitica are 
even more closely similar in the size of their pycnospores than in that 
of their ascospores, the most frequent size being 4 by 2 p. The 
pycnospores of £. tropicalis are much larger and more variable in 
size and shape than those of other species. They range from 3.5 
to 7 » in length and from 1.5 to 2.5 p in width. 
ASCI. 
The writers have not attempted a study. of the origin and early 
development of perithecia or asci in any of the species of Endothia. 
Work on this subject has been published by. Anderson and Rankin 
(6), for Endothia parasitica, but the nuclear phenomena. and origin 
and development of the ascogenous hyphe are not yet entirely clear. 
The part termed a trichogyne by these authors seems more likely to 
be the initial stage in the development of the neck of the perithecium 
than the relic of an organ of fertilization. 
The asci appear almost or quite sessile in most species, and 
though varying considerably in size and shape, as indicated in Table 
I, are usually oblong elliptic or subclavate, having a sort of inner 
membrane inclosing the ascospores and some thin granular matter 
extending to the apex of the ascus, where a slight thickening appears, 
as described and illustrated by Anderson for Endothia parasitica. 
A similar condition is found in various species of Pyrenomycetes and 
probably functions in some way in connection with the discharge of 
the ascospores. The asci are generally wider and slightly longer in 
=. parasitica than in £. fluens and other members of section 2. The 
asci of #. gyrosa are shorter than those of any other species. £. 
tropicalis has the longest asci. The asci of none of the species show 
a very wide range of variation, as Table I also indicates. 
PARAPHYSES. 
Most students of Endothia have reported paraphyses wanting in 
this genus. Anderson (1, p. 33, fig. 32) and Anderson and Rankin 
(6, p. 579, fig. 83) report paraphyses present and figure what they 
