ENDOTHIA PARASITICA AND RELATED SPECIES. 63 
The inoculations were examined every 10 days until December 1 
and monthly thereafter throughout the winter. There was no per- 
ceptible growth until the last of April, when several of the inocula- 
tions of E'ndothia parasitica showed slight sunken areas. By May 
20 all inoculations checked as showing growth (last column of table) 
showed the slight yellowish elevations of the bark which indicate 
the beginnings of pycnidia. On August 30 all the inoculations of 
FE. parasitica checked as showing growth had spread rapidly and 
attacked the living tissues of the host, producing typical cankers with 
mycelial fans and abundant pycnidia. 
No signs of growth were noted in the inoculations of H'ndothia 
flvens until about the middle of May, 19138, when most of them 
showed signs of pycnidium formation. By August 30 all those 
marked as showing growth had produced characteristic pycnidia 
with spores, which when cultured proved to be typical FZ’. fluens. In 
no case, however, did this fungus spread for any appreciable distance 
beyond the injured portion or show signs of active parasitism. These 
results agree with those given by Anderson and Anderson (2, p. 206) 
with American material of E'. fuens, and have since been fully con- 
firmed by further observation. 
During the summer of 1914 about 1,100 inoculations of E'ndothia 
fluens from both European and American sources and of 2. fluens 
mississippiensis were made on Castanea sprouts. In no case was 
there any evidence of active parasitism, as in ’. parasitica. 
Although Endothia fluens has been found in Europe on a con- 
siderable number of deciduous host plants (as recorded on p. 18), 
the writers have thus far failed to find it in this country on any 
except Castanea and Quercus. It seemed possible that the European 
strain of the fungus might be somewhat more plurivorous* in its 
habits than the American. In order to throw some light on this 
point, the following inoculations were made: 
On March 31, 1914, 10 inoculations were made, half of European and half 
of American material, at Francis, Md., on the following hosts: Alnus rugosa, 
Betula nigra, Carpinus caroliniana, Carya glabra, Fagus grandifolia, Lirio- 
dendron tulipifera, and Liquidambar styracifilua. Pycnidia appeared only on 
Carya glabra and Carpinus caroliniana. Of the inoculations which actually 
produced pycnidia, four on Carpinus and three on Carya, one of each was the 
Wuropean strain. 
On April 22 inoculations were made with American material of H. fluens at 
Kensington, Md., on Acer rubrum, Carya glabra, Cornus florida, Fagus grandi- 
folia, Prunus serotina, Quercus prinus, Sassafras variifolium, Vaccinium sp., 
1 This term is proposed to apply to fungi occurring on two or more hosts or substrata 
and may be applied to all fungi except true parasites. It is derived from plus (plur-), 
more, and vorere, to devour. Compare omnivorous already in use for fungi. ; 
The term pleioxonous might be derived from De Bary’s proposed word pleioxony and 
applied to true parasites having the power to invade more than one species of host plant, 
and the term plurivorous restricted to nonparasitic organisms. 
