14 Department Circular 383, U. S: Dept, of Agriculture 
man; also for swine. In the fall the raw and roasted nuts are found. 
offered for sale throughout the rural districts of Japan. School chil- 
dren are especially fond of them, and it is not uncommon to see the 
venders of hot roasted chestnuts gathered about the schoolhouses 
and doing a lively business at the noon hour. The tree is a vigorous 
grower, is blight resistant, and is very productive. The nuts are of 
rather indifferent quality, not comparing in sweetness and tender- 
ness with the Chinese hairy chestnut and our own native species. A 
good many varieties have been developed by breeding and selection. 
Van Fleet gave much time and attention to selection for blight re- 
sistance. The Office of Foreign Plant Introduction has introduced 
the Japanese chestnut under 12 different S. P. I. numbers, and 
specimens of the trees listed under these numbers have been estab- . 
lished at various places in the United States. This chestnut would 
seem to be of particular value as a possible source of improve- 
ing our blight-resistant strains and procuring trees of vigor and con- 
siderable size that might be of value. for forest planting. It may 
develop that crossing this strain with Castanea mollissima or with 
our native species will result in obtaining trees useful for tannin 
production as well as timber and nuts. 
EVERGREEN CHINQUAPINS 
(Castanopsis spp.) 
The members of the genus Castanopsis are mostly subtropical, and 
it is doubtful whether they. will play a very important part in the 
economics of nut and timber production throughout our present 
chestnut belt. Reference has already been made to the extensive col- 
lections made by Mr. Rock in the Province of Yunnan, China. Alto- 
gether 28 lots of seeds were received, which represent three or proba- 
ly four species. Only one of these, Castanopsis delavayi Franchet, 
has been, grown in sufficient quantity to warrant a general distribu- 
tion. Several thousand plants of this species are being grown at the 
United States Plant Introduction Garden, near Savannah, Ga.j where 
they are not subject to infection from the blight fungus, as the dis- 
ease does not exist in that region. This will make possible a distri- 
bution outside of the present blight area, especially to the southward 
and on the Pacific coast, where it seems important to test this species. 
Several additional species of Castanopsis were collected by Mr. 
Rock, and collections of these have been placed at a number of points 
in order to test their climatic range and to provide future sources 
of material for study, and especially for breeding work. The more 
important collections are located at the United States Plant Intro- 
duction Garden, Bellingham, Wash.; Forest Service Pacific North- 
west Experiment Station, Stabler, Wash.; United States Plant In- 
troduction Garden, Chico, Calif.; United States Plant: Introduction 
Garden, Savannah, Ga.; and at Brooksville, Fla., and St. Leo, Fla. 
The following brief descriptions of the Yunnan, China, forms are 
based largely on Mr. Rock’s field notes. 
CASTANOPSIS DELAVAYI 
(Castanopsis delavayt Franchet) 
A tree reaching 80 feet in height with trunk 2 to 3 feet in diaiu- 
eter. The bark is brown or gray. Even when young all parts of 
