PLANT DISEASES OF CONNECTICUT. 343 
replenished the supply greatly depleted by the drought of 1911. 
This wet spring put back the earlier crops considerably, and 
late frosts about the middle of June added further to their 
troubles. These frosts injured garden crops considerably, and 
even killed the leaves of certain trees in the northern part of the 
State. The wet spring, however, favored forage crops as a 
whole. 
June and July (to the middle), however, showed another long 
drought period, but this was not so hot as that of the preceding 
year, and because of the supply of water in the ground, the deep- 
rooted crops did not suffer much. From the middle of July on, 
while some localities suffered from lack of rain, most of them 
had enough scattered rains to mature the crops in good shape, 
except potatoes, and, in some cases, onions. 
Another factor that made the season a favorable one for vege- 
tation in general was the very late appearance of the fall frosts. 
While very slight frosts occurred the last of September and the 
first of October, these only partially killed the most tender plants, 
as melons, etc. The first heavy frost did not occur until Novem- 
ber 2, thus giving in the end an unusually long growing 
season despite the late spring. On the whole, the season was 
much more favorable to vegetation than the preceding one. 
Peach trees showed the best foliage conditions for some years. 
Diseases Prevalent in 1912. Fungous diseases were more 
prominent this year than the preceding, especially those that 
developed into prominence because of the wet spring. Among 
those occurring abundantly may be mentioned the following: 
Black Rot of apple, on the foliage, and Rust and Scab on the 
same host, especially the former, were abundant. The Cedar 
Apple, Gynnosporangium macropus, Plate XVIII c, which is 
the III stage from which the apple rust develops, was also 
unusually common in the spring, thus accounting for the abun- 
dance of the apple rust which followed later. 
Rust of white ash, Acidium Fraxini, was also very common, 
being sent in for identification from a number of localities, 
especially along the shore. It was prominent there because the 
III, or mature stage, of this rust occurs on marsh grass, Spartina 
sps., which is common along the shore. The appearance of the 
I stage on the ash is shown in Plate XVII a. 
