PLANT DISEASES OF CONNECTICUT. 347 
As the germs of this disease can be carried on the seed, as 
determined by Harding and Stewart, it is wise to see that the 
seed used does not come from a diseased crop. If doubt exists, 
it is well to treat the seed with formalin, I-240, or corrosive 
sublimate, 1-1000, for fifteen minutes, as recommended by the 
investigators just mentioned. Likewise, if the disease shows 
up in a seedbed, this should be changed the next year. If bad 
‘in the field, this land should not be used for cruciferous crops 
for several seasons, and even if the disease is not present, yearly 
rotation is desirable where it can be carried on without especial 
difficulty. Refuse from diseased cabbages should never find its 
way to the manure pile. 
CURRANT, BLACK, Ribes nigrum. 
Pine-Currant Rust, Cronartium ribicola Waldh. Plate 
XVII b-c. In our last report, 1909-10, p. 730, we noted the 
finding of a few specimens of the peridial stage of this fungus, 
-known as Peridermium Strobi Kleb., on recently imported white 
pine seedlings in several plantations in the state. These pines 
all came from one firm in Germany. In April, 1912, Mr. 
Walden, while inspecting imported nursery stock in one of the 
nurseries of the state, found in a shipment of three-year-old 
white pine seedlings, purchased from Schaum and Van Tol of 
Oudenbosch, Holland, at least 185 that showed the character- 
istic swellings or fruiting stage of this blister rust (see illustra- 
tions). The whole shipment was destroyed in consequence of 
this finding. Since then the United States Government has 
placed a quarantine on the importation of white pines into this 
country from any of the European countries where this disease 
is known to exist. Since our inspection of the plantations previ-. 
ously mentioned, no other examples of this rust have come to 
our attention, and, so far as we know, it does not exist to-day 
in this state. 
The II and III stages of this rust occur on species of the 
genus Ribes, which includes our currants and gooseberries. 
Although occasional outbreaks of the rust on currant had been 
reported at Geneva, N. Y., we had never found it in this state. 
In 1912 Stewart, of the Geneva, N. Y., Station, reported another 
of these outbreaks, and later Stone, of the Amherst Station, found 
