356 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION REPORT, IQIZ2. 
before on the same ground, which was in i911, but I manured 
it heavily with horse and cow manure, and used fertilizer 
besides.” 
An examination of the turnips sent showed that they had 
a dry rot, appearing as sunken, subcircular areas scattered over 
the roots, especially above, as in illustration c. These areas 
usually had a darker border, but on the samples we received we 
did not notice that this was purplish or that the spots were 
finally cracked, as described for the trouble on Swedish turnips 
elsewhere. A microscopic examination showed the mycelium of 
the fungus abundant in these spots, and apparently the cause 
of the decay. No fruiting bodies showed, but after placing the 
turnip for a few days in a moist chamber, these became abundant, 
as shown in illustration d. Cultures of the fungus were easily 
obtained, and these produced a black growth in the medium with 
a scanty, superficial, whitish or slightly pinkish tinted growth 
above. The spores exuded more or less abundantly in rose- 
colored, viscid masses. Mr. Stoddard readily produced the dis- 
ease in healthy tubers, kept fairly moist and warm, on inoculation 
with spores from the cultures. 
The writer is indebted to Stewart of Geneva, N. Y., for several 
references to this disease in other countries, but neither Stewart, 
Selby, nor anyone else apparently, has reported a similar 
trouble in the United States. So far as the writer can judge 
from the meager description, our disease appears to be the same 
as that reported by Rostrup (5-6) from Denmark in 1893. He 
found it on Swéde turnips, and describes as its cause a new 
fungus which he called Phoma Napobrassice. The trouble was 
next reported from the north of England, by Potter (4), who 
first noticed it in the winter of 1896-7. He also found it on 
the roots in the field. Potter merely identified the disease as 
caused by a species of Phoma, though he noted the possibility of 
its being the same species described by Rostrup. Carruthers 
(1) also reported this trouble from Lincolnshire, England, in 
1903, and he had no doubt but that the disease reported by 
Potter and himself was the same as that described by Rostrup. 
In 1905, Kirk (3) reported the disease from New Zealand as 
new in that region. He gives the following description of the 
injury: “Below the crown, and forming a kind of irregular 
ring around the upper third of the turnip, are numerous more or 
