the stand of Asiatic chestnuts was heavily infected in the outer 
bark. 
D. THE BLIGHT ON THREE OAK SPECIES 
10. Dr. A. Biraghi, who first reported the blight on oaks in Italy, 
accompanied me in examining infections on Quercus pubescens, 
and Q. ilex near Avellino. The trees of Q@. pubescens were small 
standards, 15 to 30 feet tall, left after a coppice cutting. A large 
proportion of them had the top half or more of the trees killed by 
the blight and yellow leaves were attached. Cankers with typical 
mycelial fans and with fruiting bodies on the bark surface were 
evident. The stand over an area of several acres was being ruined 
by the blight. 
ll. Adjoining this stand there was a planting of about 50 trees 
of Quercus ilex remaining in an old abandoned nursery. A number of 
these trees had the blight growing in the outer bark, without the 
mycelium penetrating into the cambium region, in very much the 
same way the blight develops in the outer bark of the Chinese 
chestnut. It was disturbing, however, to find two Q. ilex trees with 
the blight fungus making extensive growth in the cambium region, 
with typical fans of mycelium. Further observations are needed 
under various conditions before definite predictions can be made as 
to the damage to be expected on this oak, but it is my opinion that 
it may be quite serious. 
12. Several small limbs of Quercus sessiliflora were noted as 
killed by typical] blight cankers, with dead leaves attached, at two 
Points in central Italy. Dr. Biraghi had seen a number of cankers on 
larger stems of this species of oak. What has already been noted 
makes one fearful of what may happen in some of the extensive 
stands of this oak, managed on a long rotation under moister 
climatic conditions. 
13. Detailed observations are needed on all three of these im- 
portant oaks as a basis for more accurate forecasts of what to 
expect on them in the future. Plants of these three oaks from other 
countries can be sent to Italy or Switzerland where it can be de- 
termined how susceptible the strains are to blight. However, 
inoculations on small stems are often unsatisfactory. 
14. A number of trees of Quercus pedunculata were examined 
in the vicinity of blight-infected chestnuts but no blight was noted. 
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