14 MEANS or EESTBAINT. 



the sound of a familiar voice witli which he has become accustomed 

 to associate acts of gentleness and friendliness. Under any cir- 

 cumstances, a habit on the part of the surgeon, of brutal treatment, 

 the exhibition of a bad temper, in the indulgence of fits of anger, 

 leading to acts of cruelty in the infliction of unnecessary pain on 

 his dumb and helpless victim, is not only in every way useless, as 

 being of no possible advantage in any direction, but tends to a 

 degree of moral harm in those who are thus culpable for which no 

 counterbalancing benefit can be imagined, and which certainly can 

 never facilitate the remedial effect— but quite the reverse— of the 

 pending operation. 



A benignant method of controUing animals for the special 

 purpose for which treatment by the surgeon is invoked, is not, 

 however, alone sufficient, and it is thus that a resort to effective 

 means of physical restraint becomes unavoidable. 



These are of two kinds : one consists in inflicting upon some 

 given part of the body, more or less remote from the seat of the 

 operation, a severe and continuous pain, which, by a process of 

 derivation, reduces that which is incident to the steps of the 

 operation, by distracting or diverting the consciousness from the 

 influence of the new suffering, against which he feels resistance 

 would be in vain, to that of which he is sensibly cognizant, and 

 thus the animal submits himself, with a comparatively voluntary 

 surrender. 



The other kind consists of restraints proper, and are constituted 

 of mechanical devices for securing immobUity by the process of 

 overcoming opposition by means of a dominating physical force. 

 Their use is not affected by the position of the subject, and they 

 are therefore appUed in both the upright and decubital posture. 

 The first comprehends the derivative or painful method of Peuch 

 and Toussaint's division ; the second, the method by direct me- 

 chanical restraint. 



MEANS OF SECUEING SOLIPEDS. 



A.^Derivative or Painful Method. 



This method is in very common use, and usually proves to be 

 sufficiently effective to secure a degree of quiet and passivity in 

 the patient for the safe performance of many light operations. 

 Under some circumstances it is used in connection with the means 



