294 



0PER4.TI0NS ON BONES. 



Fig. 311.— Cliain Saw. 



FlO. 313.— Bone Forceps. 



Fig. 313.— Gouge. 



Fig. 313a.— ChiBeL 



Fig. 3136.— Mallet. 



The instruments necessary are quite numerous. Saws of 

 different forms, including the chain saw, the bone forceps, or 

 shears, the gouge, the chisels, and the mallets are all brought 

 into requisition at times. Before making a resection the diseased 

 bone must be thoroughly exposed by a free and long incision, 

 giving ample room to the surgeon for the free use of the instru- 

 ments. If the bone is already exposed, great care should be taken 

 to protect the soft tissues, the muscles, the blood vessels and the 

 nerves, from being accidentally wounded, by covering them vsdth 

 compresses, cloths, or other substances. 



