HERNIA. 421 



the ring with a few stitches upon Poupart's ligament and the small 

 adductor of the leg. A good blister rubbed over the enlargement 

 completes the treatment. According to Zundel, three weeks of 

 subsequent rest are required to assure recovery. 



Perineal Hernia. 



This is a very rare lesion and, as Zundel describes it, is the pas- 

 sage of the peritoneum and viscera through the vasoulo-aponeur- 

 otic floor of the bottom of the pelvis. It is, however, reported to be 

 common in dogs, in which animal it is situated between the ischium, 

 the sacrum, the anus and the urethra, and is often mistaken for an 

 abscess. It is more frequently formed by the bladder than by the 

 intestines. 



Pancreatic Hernia. 



This hernia was first observed by Prinz, and afterwards noticed 

 by Husson, EoeU, and others. It is caused by the strangulation 

 of the jejunum and the anterior part of the ileum through the 

 hiatus of Winslow, the orifice above the right angle of the pan- 

 creas, and of the vena cava, in front of the right kidney. It is 

 accompanied by symptoms of intestinal congestion, and cannot be 

 reached by any form of treatment, if indeed it can be accurately 

 diagnosed during life. 



Pelvic, or Internal Hernia or Oxen. 



This form of hernia is principally described by Zundel, from 

 whom we extract the following : " It is the strangulation of a loop 

 of intestines, which has pushed through the ruptured peritoneum, 

 from before backward, between the testicular cord and the lateral 

 wall of the pelvis, the rupture of the peritoneum having resolved 

 during some of the manipulations of castration from excessive 

 stretching of the cord, as in the operation by tearing. It is, there- 

 fore, exclusively a lesion of the ox, and cannot affect the buU. It 

 is quite common in Germany, and has been met with in England, 

 Mecklenburg and Alsace. It was first described by Oesterten, in 

 1811, followed by Anker in 1824, and later by Zundel, Ostertag 

 and Tues. It is comparatively often seen, and in many cases over- 

 looked. The first intimation of the presence of the disease appears 

 in the onset of symptoms of a violent attack of coUc. The animal 

 becomes anxious and restless, lies down hastily and rises again 



