46 MONTANA EXPERIMENT STATION 
as a section former is used, the essential feature of which-is a form 
which can be brought firmly about the section by means of pres- 
sure. The sections thus prepared are ready for the foundation. 
The foundation used is of a much lighter grade than that used in 
the brood frames, so as to have as little midrib as possible in the 
comb honey, and comes in sheets half as wide and just long enough 
to be cut into four sheets the right size to go into the sections. For 
cutting foundation nothing is better than a slightly warmed or 
dampened thin case knife, though a thin roller knife is sometimes 
used. The sheets thus cut may be fitted in one of two ways,—by 
means of what is known as the Parker foundation fastener or by 
means of the Daisy fastener. The former works on the principal 
of pressing the foundation into the wood. The section is placed 
upside down upon the edge of the fastener which is made secure 
by screwing to a board or to the bench. The foundation is then 
laid flat upon the top piece of the section with the edge just a little 
beyond the middle of the section. Then by a biting motion the 
edge of the foundation is pressed into the wood and upon removing 
the section, the sheet is pressed into a vertical position and the 
section placed in the right position in the section holder in the 
super. The Daisy fastener is a little more complicated but works 
much faster and gives better satisfaction. It consists of a plate 
ot metal which is heated by means of a lamp. The section is in- 
verted and the foundation. is held in position in the section but a 
little up from the top piece. By a pressing motion of the fastener 
Fig. 10.—The Porter spring bee escape. 
which is leaned against the bench, the heated plate is brought in 
contact with the edge of the foundation. In an instant the wax 
is melted and the plate allowed to fly back so that the sheet of 
foundation can be slipped down upon the section and allowed to 
cool. Care must be taken not to overheat'the foundation or let the 
section get heated. The sectiori may then be removed and placed 
