14 MONTANA PXPERIMENT STATION 
lined with setae or bristle-like hairs, and leading into a tube entering 
into the center of the chyle stomach or stomach proper. The func- 
tions of this passage as faithfully worked out by Professor Cheshire, 
are three; first, it enables the bee to pass on for digestion and assimi- 
lation honey and the pollen grains usually to be found in flower 
nectar; second, to deposite this food, especially the pollen grains, 
in the midst of the digestive fluids to so prevent any clogging; 
and third, it enables the bee to allow honey, with its contained pollen 
grains, to pass into the tube and return again through the hairs of the 
passage way, straining out the pollen grains, which pass into the 
stomach and are used by the bee for food. This can be accomplish- 
ed by the bee while flying from flower to flower, gathering its 
sweets, so that when ready to return to the hive with its load, the 
pollen has all been removed and the honey is ready to be deposited 
in its cells, free from pollen, which might cause it to ferment. The 
stomach proper is provided with the usual glands necessary for the 
digestive function. The intestine is provided with a series of 
chitinous teeth, thus giving the structure the nature of a gizzard. 
There remain a few words to be said relative to the important 
sets of glands located in and near the head. One pair of the glands 
is found trained about the optic ganglion and empties into ducts 
leading to the mouth, where the final duct empties. In the back of 
the head is a second pair of glands, and in the fore part of the 
thorax a third pair, these two sets emptying into the groove in the 
proboscis when the latter is extended for sucking purposes. To 
these glands there is ascribed digestive functions among which 
is changing the cane sugar of the flower nectar into the grape sugar 
of honey. The first set of glands is found largely developed in 
the young workers and not present at all in the best queens ana 
in the drones. The function of feeding the young larva in its 
early stages is assigned to the first pair of glands. 
As in other animals, the reproductive organs of the male bee 
consist of a pair of tests located in the abdomen. Here the sper- 
miatozoa are developed and passed through the tubes leading out- 
ward to the vasa deferentia, which unite, forming the ejaculatory 
duct. Just before the entrance into the ejaculatory duct there is an 
enlargement of the vas deferens into a well defined seminal sack or 
resting place for the spermatozoa. Here the latter are kept free 
and alive by the addition of mucus from connecting glands. Pass- 
