GENUS 4. GENTIAN FAMILY. 9 
2. Gentiana crinita Froel. Fringed Gen- 
tian. Fig. 3348. 
Gentiana crinita Froel. Gen. 112. 1796, 
Annual or biennial; stem leafy, usually branch- 
ed, 1°-34° high, the branches erect, somewhat 
4-angled. Basal and lower leaves obovate, ob- 
tuse, the upper lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 
1-2" long, acute or acuminate at the apex, sessile 
by a rounded or subcordate base; flowers mostly 
4-parted, several or numerous, about 2’ high, 
solitary at the ends of the usually elongated 
peduncles; calyx-lobes lanceolate, acuminate, un- 
equal, their midribs decurrent on the angles of 
the tube; corolla bright blue, rarely white, nar- 
rowly campanulate, its lobes obovate, rounded, 
conspicuously fringed all around their summits, 
scarcely fringed on the sides, spreading when 
mature; capsule spindle-shaped, stipitate; seeds 
scaly-hispid. 
In moist woods and meadows, Quebec to Ontario, 
Minnesota, south to Georgia and Iowa. Sept.—Oct. 
o 3. Gentiana précera Holm. Smaller 
Fringed Gentian. Fig. 3349. 
Gentiana procera Holm, Ottawa Nat. 15: 11. 1got. 
Annual; similar to the preceding species but 
smaller; stem simple, or little branched, 3’-18' 
high. Basal and lower leaves spatulate, obtuse, 
the upper linear or linear-lanceolate, 1’-24’ long, 
2”-4” wide; flowers 1-6, solitary at the ends of 
elongated erect peduncles, mostly 4-parted, about 
14’ high; calyx-lobes lanceolate, acuminate, their 
midribs decurrent on the tube; corolla narrowly 
campanulate, bright blue, its lobes spatulate- 
oblong, strongly fringed on both sides, entire or 
somewhat fimbriate or toothed around the apex; 
capsule short-stipitate; seeds scaly-hispid. 
In wet places, New York and Ontario to Minne- 
sota, South Dakota and Manitoba, July-Sept. Pre- 
viously confused with G. detonsa Rottb. and with G. 
serrata Gunner, Old World species. Northwestern 
and Rocky Mountain plants formerly referred to 
this species prove to be distinct from it. 
Gentiana nesdphila Holm, of Anticosti, differs in 
merely denticulate corolla-lobes. 
4. Gentiana actitta Michx. Northern Gentian. 
Fig. 3350. 
Gentiana acuta Michx. Fl. Bor, Am. 1: 177. 1803. 
Gentiana Amarella var. acuta Herder, Act. Hort. Petrop. 
1: 428 1872, 
Annual; stem leafy, slightly wing-angled, simple or 
branched, 6-20’ high. Basal and lower leaves spatu- 
late or obovate, obtuse, the upper lanceolate, acuminate 
or acute at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the 
base, sessile, or somewhat clasping, 4-2’ long; flowers 
numerous, racemose-spicate, 5-8” high, the pedicels 
2”-6”" long, leafy-bracted at the base; calyx deeply 
5-parted (rarely 4-parted), its lobes lanceolate; corolla 
tubular-campanulate, 5-lobed (rarely 4-lobed), blue, its 
lobes lanceolate, acute, each with a fimbriate crown at 
the base; capsule sessile. . 
In moist or wet places, Labrador to Alaska, Maine, 
Minnesota, south in the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and 
Mexico. Also in Europe and Asia. Closely resembles the 
Old World G. Amarella, Felwort. Bastard-gentian, Bald- 
money. Summer. 
