2 GENTIANACEAE. Vo. III. 
Flowers short-pedicelled ; naturalized species. 3. C. pulchellum. 
Flowers slender-pedicelled ; native western species, : 
Leaves oblong to linear-oblong. 4. C. exaltatum, 
; Upper leaves mere subulate bracts. 5. C. texense. 
Corolla-lobes 344”-5” long, 6. C. calycosum, 
1. Centaurium spicatum (L.) Fernald. Spiked 
Centaury. Fig. 3330. 
Gentiana spicata L. Sp. Pl. 230. 1753. 
Erythraea spicata Pers. Syn. 1: 283. 1805. 
Centaurium spicatum Fernald, Rhodora 10: 54. 1908. 
Annual, glabrous, erect, strict, usually branched, 6’-18’ 
high, Leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong, sessile, obtusish 
at the apex, clasping at the base, 4’-14’ long, 2-7’ wide; 
flowers pink, sessile, distant and spicate-racemose on the 
mostly simple and leafless branches, about 8” long; tube of 
the corolla somewhat longer than the subulate calyx-seg- 
ments, 2-3 times as long as the linear-oblong lobes; capsule 
4-5” long. 
Coast of Nantucket, and at Portsmouth, Va, Naturalized 
from Europe. May-Sept. 
\ 
2. Centaurium Centairium (L.) W. F. Wight. 
Lesser or European Centaury. Bitter-herb. 
Bloodwort. Fig. 3331. 
Gentiana Centaurium L, Sp, Pl. 229. 1753. 
Erythraea Centaurium Pers, Syn, 1: 283. 1805. 
C. Centaurium W. F, Wight, Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 449. 1906. 
Annual, glabrous, erect, usually branched, 6’-15’ high. 
Leaves oblong, apex obtuse, the base narrowed; the lower 
forming a basal tuft, 1-23’ long, 3-6” wide; stem leaves 
smaller, distant, rounded at the sessile or slightly clasping 
base; flowers numerous, 6-8” long, nearly sessile, in com- 
pound terminal mostly dense bracteolate cymes; corolla- 
lobes obtuse, 23’-3’” long, about as long as the calyx-seg- 
ments and one-third to one-half as long as the corolla- 
tube; stigmas oval. 
In waste places, Nova Scotia and Quebec to Massachusetts, 5 
Illinois and Michigan. Naturalized from Europe. Earth-gall. Sanctuary. June—Sept. 
3. Centaurium pulchéllum (Sw.) Druce. Branching Centaury. Fig. 3332. 
Gentiana pulchella Sw. Act. Holm. 1783: 84. f. 8, 9. 1783. 
Gentiana ramosissima Vill. Hist. Pl. Dauph, 2: 530. 1787. 
Erythraea ramosissima Pers. Syn, 1: 283. 1805. 
Erythraea pulchella Fries, Novit. 74. 1828. 
'C. pulchellum Druce, Fl. Oxf. 342. 1897. 
Annual, glabrous, much branched, 3’-8’ high. Leaves 
oval, ovate or lanceolate, the lower mostly obtuse, 3-8” 
long, the upper usually acutish or acute and smaller; 
no basal tuft of leaves; flowers pink, cymose-paniculate, 
all or nearly all of them short-pedicelled, 5-6” long; 
tube of the corolla 14-2 times longer than ‘the calyx- 
segments, its lobes oblong, obtuse, 14”~-2” long; stigma 
oval; anthers oblong. 
In fields and waste places, southern New York to Penn- 
sylvania, Illinois and Maryland; also in the West Indi 
Naturalized from Europe. June-Sept. See 
