76 BORAGINACEAE, Vor, IU. 
1. Cynoglossum officinale L. Hound’s-tongue. Gipsy Flower. Fig. 3508. 
Cynoglossum officinale L. Sp. Pl. 134. 1753. 
Biennial, pubescent; stem erect, leafy to 
the top, stout, usually branched, 14°-3° 
high. Basal and lower leaves oblong or 
oblong-lanceolate, slender-petioled, some- 
times obtuse, 6’-12’ long, 1-3’ wide; upper 
leaves lanceolate, acute or acuminate, ses- 
sile, or the uppermost clasping; racemes 
several or numerous, bractless or sparingly 
bracted, simple or branched, much elon- 
gated in fruit; pedicels 3’-6” long; calyx- 
segments ovate-lanceolate, acute; corolla 
reddish-purple or rarely white, about 4” 
broad; fruit pyramidal, about 5” broad, 
each of the 4 nutlets forming a side of the 
pyramid, flat on their upper faces, mar- 
gined, splitting away at maturity, but hang- 
ing attached to portions of the subulate 
style. 
In fields and waste places, Quebec and On- 
tario to Manitoba, South Carolina, Alabama, 
Kansas and Montana. Often a troublesome 
weed. Naturalized from Europe. Native 
also of Asia. Called also dog’s-tongue, rose 
noble. Canadian or dog-bur. Sheep-lice. Tory-weed. Wood-mat. May-Sept. 
4 
‘2, Cynoglossum virginianum L. Wild Comfrey. Fig. 3509. 
Cynoglossum virginianum L. Sp. Pl. 134. 
1753. 
| Perennial, hirsute; stem usually sim- 
ple, leafless above, stout, 14°-24° high. 
Basal and lower leaves oval or oblong, 
4-12’ long, obtuse at the apex, nar- 
rowed into petioles; mpper leaves ob- 
long, or ovate-lanceolate, sessile and 
clasping by a cordate base, acute, nearly 
as large, or the one or two uppermost 
quite small; racemes 2-6, corymbose, 
bractless, long-peduncled; flowers blue, 
about 5” broad; corolla-lobes obtuse; 
calyx-segments oblong-lanceolate, ob- 
tuse, about 2” long at flowering time; 
fruit depressed, 4” broad, the nutlets 
convex on the upper face, not margined, 
separating and falling away at matur- 
ity, about 4” long. 
In woods, New Jersey to Kentucky, Mis- 3 
souri, Florida, Louisiana and Kansas. 5 
Ascends to 2500 ft. in Virginia. Dog-bur. 
April-May. 
