GENus 8. BORAGE FAMILY. 83 
1. Mertensia virginica (L.) DC. Virginia 
Cowslip. Tree Lungwort. Roanoke- 
bells. Fig. 3524. 
Pulmonaria virginica lL. Sp. Pl. 135. 1753. 
Mertensia virginica DC. Prodr. 10: 88, 1846. 
Glabrous; stem erect, or ascending, simple or 
sometimes branched, 1°-2° high, rather stout. 
Leaves oblong, oval, or obovate, pinnately 
veined, obtuse at the apex, 2’-5’ long, the upper- 
most sessile, the lower narrowed into margined 
petioles; racemes short, corymb-like; pedicels 
2-6” long; flowers blue-purple, very showy, 
about 1’ long; calyx-lobes oblong-lanceolate, 
obtusish, 1” long or less; corolla trumpet-shaped 
or nearly salverform, its tube cylindric, a little 
expanded above, longer than the 5-lobed plaited 
limb, pubescent at the base within, not crested in 
the throat; disk with two opposite linear lobes; 
filaments filiform, much longer than the anthers; 
nutlets not shining, rounded. 
In low meadows and along streams, southern On- 
tario to New Jersey and South Carolina, Minnesota, 
Nebraska and Kansas. Blue bells. March-May. 
2. Mertensia paniculata (Ait.) G. Don. 
Tall Lungwort. Fig. 3525. 
P. paniculata Ait. Hort. Kew. 1: 181. 1789. 
M. paniculata G. Don, Gen. Syst. 4: 318. 1838. 
Roughish-pubescent, dark green; stem erect, 
branched above, 12°-3° high, the branches slen- 
der. Leaves thin, pinnately veined, those of the 
stem ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate at the 
apex, narrowed at the base, 2-5’ long, the lower 
narrowed into slender petioles; basal leaves ovate, 
rounded or cordate at the base; racemes several- 
flowered, panicled; pedicels filiform, 4’—10” long; 
flowers purple-blue, 6’—-7” long; calyx-lobes lan- 
ceolate,acute; corolla tubular-campanulate, crested 
in the.throat, the tube about twice as long as the 
calyx and exceeding the 5-lobed limb; filaments 
flattened, slightly longer than the anthers; style 
filiform, usually somewhat exserted; nutlets 
rounded. 
In woods or thickets, Hudson Bay to Alaska, south 
to Michigan, Nebraska, Idaho and Washington. 
July-Aug. 
3. Mertensia lanceolata (Pursh) DC. 
Lance-leaved Lungwort. Fig. 3526. 
P. lanceolata Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 729. 1814. 
Mertensia lanceolata DC. Prodr. 10: 88. 1846. 
M. linearis Greene, Pittonia 3: 197. 1897. 
Glabrous or somewhat hirsute; stem simple or 
branched, slender, 6’-18’ high. Leaves papillose, 
indistinctly veined, light green, the upper lanceo- 
late, acute, sessile or slightly clasping at the base, 
the lower oblong or oblanceolate, obtuse, 3°-4 
long, narrowed into margined petioles; racemes 
few-flowered, usually panicled; flowers blue, 5°- 
6” long; pedicels 3-7” long; calyx-lobes lanceo- 
late, obtuse, or acutish; corolla tubular-campanu- 
late, the tube longer than the calyx and longer 
than the s-lobed limb, hairy at the base within, 
the throat crested; filaments a little longer than 
the anthers; style filiform, scarcely exserted. 
In thickets, western Nebraska to_ Manitoba, 
Wyoming, Idaho and New Mexico. Races differ 
in’ amount or absence of pubescence and in width 
of leaves. June-Aug. 
