g6 VERBENACEAE, Vor. III. 
4. Verbena angustifolia Michx. Narrow- 
leaved Vervain. Fig. 3555. 
V. angustifolia Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 14. 1803. 
Perennial, roughish-puberulent or pubescent; 
stem slender, simple or branched, 4-sided above, 
1°-2° high. Leaves linear, spatulate or lanceo- 
late, obtuse or subacute at the apex, cuneate at 
the base and tapering into short petioles, serrate 
or serrulate, veiny, 14’-3’ long, 2’-5’’ wide; 
spikes mostly solitary at the ends of the branches, 
usually peduncled, slender, dense, 2’-5’ long; 
fruits overlapping or the lower somewhat dis- 
tant, 13” high; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 
equalling or shorter than the calyx; corolla pur- 
ple or blue, about 3” long, its limb about as 
broad, the lobes obovate or oblong. 
In dry fields, Massachusetts to Florida, west to 
Minnesota, Kansas and Arkansas. Hybridizes with 
V’. stricta and V. bracteosa. June—Aug. 
5. Verbena stricta Vent. Hoary or 
Mullen-leaved Vervain. Fig. 3556. 
V. stricta Vent. Descr. Pl. Jard. Cels. pl. 53. 1800. 
Verbena rigens Michx. Fl. Bor, Am. 2: 14. 1803. 
Perennial, densely soft-pubescent all over 
with whitish hairs; stem stout, obtusely 4-an- 
gled, simple, or branched above, strict, very 
leafy, 1°-23° high. Leaves ovate, oval, or 
oblong, very short-petioled, acute or obtuse 
at the apex, narrowed at the base, promi- 
nently veined, incised-serrate or laciniate, 1’-4’ 
long; spikes solitary, or several, mostly sessile, 
dense, stout, becoming 6-12’ long in fruit; 
fruits much imbricated, 2-23’ high; bracts 
lanceolate-subulate, nearly as long as the ca- 
lyx; corolla purplish blue, 4’—-5” long, its limb 
nearly as broad. 
In dry soil, Ontario and Ohio to Minnesota, 
South Dakota and Wyoming, south to Tennessee, 
Texas and New Mexico. Naturalized as a weed 
further east. Hybridizes with V. bracteosa, June— 
6. Verbena bractedsa Michx. Large- 
bracted Vervain. Fig. 3557. 
V. bracteosa Michx. Fl. Bor. Am, 2: 13. 1803. 
Perennial, hirsute-pubescent; stem 4-sided, 
much branched from the base, the branches 
decumbent or ascending, slender, 6’-15’ long. 
Leaves ovate, oval, or obovate in outline, pin- 
nately incised or pinnatifid, 1-3’ long, more 
or less cuneate at the base and narrowed into 
short petioles, the lobes mostly dentate; spikes 
sessile, stout, dense, becoming 4’-6’ long in 
fruit; bracts conspicuous, _ linear-lanceolate, 
rather rigid, longer than the flowers and fruits, 
the lower ones often incised; corolla purplish 
blue, about 2” long. 
On prairies and in waste places, Minnesota and 
Illinois to Virginia, Alabama and Florida, west to 
British Columbia, Arizona and California. In 
ballast grounds at Atlantic seaports. Hybridizes 
with VY. canadensis. Prostrate vervain. May—Aug. 
