GENUS 109. MINT FAMILY. 121 
19. LAMIUM [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 579. 1753. 
Annual or perennial mostly diffuse herbs, with crenate dentate or incised, usually cordate 
leaves, and rather small flowers, verticillate in axillary and terminal clusters. Calyx tubular- 
campanulate, about 5-nerved, 5-toothed, the teeth sharp, equal or the upper ones longer. 
Tube of the corolla mostly longer than the calyx, dilated above, its limb 2-lipped; upper lip 
concave, erect, usually entire, narrowed at the base; lower lip spreading, 3-cleft, the middle 
lobe emarginate, contracted at the base, the lateral ones sometimes each with a tooth-like 
appendage. Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending under the upper lip of the corolla, the anterior 
pair the longer; anthers 2-celled, the sacs divaricate, often hirsute on the back. Ovary deeply 
4-parted; style 2-cleft at the summit. Nutlets smooth or tuberculate. [Greek, throat, from 
the ringent corolla.] 
About 40 species, natives of the Old World, known as Dead-Nettle or Hedge Dead-Nettle. 
Type species: Lamium purpureum L. 
Upper leaves sessile or clasping. 1. L. amplexicaule. 
Leaves all petioled. 
Flowers red or purple. 
Corolla 6”-9” long; leaves not blotched. 2. L. purpureum. 
Corolla 10”~12” long; leaves commonly blotched. 3. L. maculatum. 
Flowers white. 4, L. album. 
1. Lamium amplexicatle L. Henbit. 
Greater Henbit. Henbit Dead 
Nettle. Fig. 3610. 
Lamium amplexicaule L. Sp. Pl. 579. 1753. 
Biennial or annual, sparingly pubescent; 
stems branched from the base or also from 
the lower axils, slender, ascending or decum- 
bent, 6-18’ long. Leaves orbicular or nearly 
so, coarsely crenate, 4-13’ wide, rounded: at 
the apex, the lower slender-petioled, mostly 
cordate, the upper sessile and more or less 
clasping; flowers rather few in axillary and 
terminal clusters; calyx pubescent, its teeth 
erect, nearly as long as the tube; corolla pur- 
plish or red, 6”-8” long, its tube very slender, 
the lateral lobes of its lower lip very small, 
the middle one spotted; upper lip somewhat 
pubescent; flowers sometimes cleistogamous. aoe 
In waste and cultivated ground, New Bruns- 
wick to Ontario, Minnesota, British Columbia, iP 
Florida, Arkansas and California and in Ber- Wy 
muda and Jamaica, Naturalized from Europe. 
Native also of Asia. Feb.-Oct. 
4, 
2. Lamium purptreum L. Red 
Dead Nettle. Fig. 3611. 
Lamium purpureum L. Sp. Pl. 579. 1753. 
Annual, slightly pubescent, branched from 
the base and sometimes also above; stems 
stout or slender, decumbent, 6-18’ long. Leaves 
crenate or crenulate, the lower orbicular or 
broadly ovate, slender-petioled, rounded at the 
apex, cordate at the base, the upper ovate, 
short-petioled, sometimes acute at the apex, 
3-1} long; flowers in axillary and terminal 
clusters; calyx teeth narrowly lanceolate, acu- 
minate, slightly longer than the tube, spread~ 
ing, at least in fruit; corolla purple-red, rarely 
exceeding 3’ long, its tube rather stout, the 
lateral lobes of its lower lip reduced to I or 2 
short teeth, its middle lobe spotted; upper lip 
very pubescent. 
In waste and cultivated soil, Newfoundland to 
Pennsylvania, North Carolina and Missouri. Also 
in ballast about the northern seaports. Natural- 
ized or adventive from Europe. Native also of 
Asia. Old names, red or sweet archangel; day-, 
dog-, french- or deaf-nettle. Rabbit-meat. April— 
ct. 
