138 LABIATAE. Vo. IIT. 
XN 
29. CLINOPODIUM L. Sp. Pl. 587. 1753. 
[CALAMINTHA Moench, Meth. 408. 17094.] 
Herbs, or low shrubs, with entire or sparingly dentate leaves, and rather large flowers 
variously clustered. Calyx tubular or oblong, mostly gibbous at the base, about 13-nerved, 
2-lipped, naked or villous in the throat, the upper lip 3-toothed, the lower 2-cleft. Corolla 
usually expanded at the throat, the tube straight, mostly longer than the calyx, the limb 
2-lipped; upper lip erect, entire or emarginate; lower lip spreading, 3-cleft. Stamens 4, all 
anther-bearing, didynamous, ascending under the upper lip of the corolla, somewhat con- 
nivent in pairs, the longer mostly exserted; anthers 2-celled, the sacs divergent or divaricate. 
Ovary deeply 4-parted; style glabrous, 2-cleft at the summit. Nutlets ovoid, smooth. [Greek, 
bed-foot, the flowers likened to a bed-castor.] 
About 60 species, natives of the north temperate zone. Besides the following, 4 others occur 
in the southeastern United States and in California. The genus has been included in Satureia by 
authors. Type species: Clinopodium vulgare L. 
* Flower-clusters dense, axillary and terminal, setaceous-bracted. 1. C. vulgare. 
** Flower-clusters loose, axillary, or forming terminal thyrses; bracts small. 
Plants pubescent ; introduced species. : 
Clusters peduncled ; calyx not gibbous; upper leaves very small; perennial. 2. C. Nepeta. 
Clusters sessile; calyx very gibbous; plant leafy, annual. 3. C. Acinos. 
Plants glabrous ; native species. 
Leaves linear or the lower spatulate, entire; corolla 4” long. 4. C. glabrum. 
Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, serrate; corolla 6”-7” long. : 5. C. glabellum, 
1. Clinopodium vulgare L. Field or Wild Basil. Basil-weed. Fig. 3652. 
Clinopodium vulgare L. Sp. Pl. 587. 1753. 
Melissa Clinopodium Benth. Lab. Gen. & Sp. 393. 1834. 
Calamintha Clinop. Benth. in DC. Prodr. 12: 233. 1848. 
Perennial by short creeping stolons, hirsute; stem 
slender, erect from an ascending base, usually branch- 
ed, sometimes simple, 1°-2° high. Leaves ovate or 
ovate-lanceolate, petioled, obtuse or acutish, entire, 
undulate or crenate-dentate, rounded, truncate or 
sometimes narrowed at the base, thin, 1-23’ long; 
flowers in dense axillary and terminal capitate clus- 
ters about 1’ in diameter; bracts setaceous, hirsute- 
ciliate, usually as long as the calyx-tube; calyx pu- 
bescent, somewhat gibbous, the setaceous teeth of 
its lower lip rather longer than the broader ones of 
the upper; corolla purple, pink, or white, little ex- 
ceeding the calyx-teeth. 
In woods and thickets, Newfoundland to North Caro- 
lina, Tennessee, Minnesota and Manitoba, in the Rocky 
Mountains to New Mexico and Arizona. Ascends to 
4ooo ft. in Virginia. Also in Europe and Asia. Stone- 
basil. Bed’s-foot. Field- or horse-thyme. Dog-mint. 
June—Oct. 
2. Clinopodium Népeta (L.) Kuntze. Field Balm. Field or Lesser Calamint. 
Basil-thyme. Fig. 3653. 
Melissa Nepeta L. Sp. Pl. 593. 1753. . 
Cal. Nepeta Link & Hoffmansg. Fl. Port. 1: 14. 1809. 
Clinopodium Nepeta Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 515. 1891. 
Satureia Nepeta Scheele, Flora 26: 577. 1843. 
Perennial by a woody root and short rootstocks, 
villous or pubescent; stem rather stout, at length 
much branched, the branches nearly straight, ascend- 
ing. Leaves broadly ovate, petioled, obtuse or acute, 
crenulate with few low teeth, rounded or narrowed 
at the base, the lower 4’-1’ long, the upper much 
smaller and bract-like; flowers few in the numerous 
loose peduncled axillary cymes, forming an almost 
naked elongated thyrsus; bracts very small, linear; 
calyx not gibbous, villous in the throat, about 13” 
long, the teeth of its lower lip twice as long as those 
of the upper; corolla light purple or almost white, 
about 4” long. 
_ In fields and waste places, Maryland to South Caro- 
lina, Alabama, Indiana, Kentucky and Arkansas. Ber- 
muda. Naturalized from Europe. Native also of Asia. 
June-Sept. 
