164 SOLANACEAE, Vou. IIT. 
LE 2. Chamaesaracha Corénopus (Dunal) 
A. Gray. Smoothish Chamaesaracha. 
Fig. 3716, 
Hecgraen Geronetie Dunal in DC. Prodr. 13: Part 1, 
. I 2, 
G. eis A. Gray, Bot. Cal. 1: 540. 1876. 
Branched and diffuse from a perennial base; 
stem obtusely angled; pubescence on the stem 
and leaves more or less roughish pruinose or 
stellate, often scarcely any; on the calyx stellate 
or sometimes hirsute. Leaves linear or lanceo- 
late, tapering at the base, more or less sinuately 
lobed, occasionally subentire, sometimes pinna- 
tifid; calyx-lobes triangular, acute; corolla white 
or ochroleucous, the appendages of the throat 
often protuberant; berry 24-4” in diameter, 
nearly white, 
In clayey soil, Kansas to Utah, California and 
Mexico. May-—Sept. 
6. SOLANUM [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 184. 
1753. 
Herbs or shrubs, often stellate-pubescent, sometimes climbing. Flowers cymose, umbel- 
liform, paniculate, or racemose, white, blue, purple, or yellow. Calyx campanulate or rotate, 
mostly 5-toothed or 5-cleft. Corolla rotate, the limb plaited, 5-angled or 5-lobed, the tube 
very short. Stamens inserted on the throat of the corolla; filaments short; anthers linear or 
oblong, acute or acuminate, connate or connivent into a cone, the cells dehiscent by a terminal 
pore, or sometimes by a short introrse terminal slit, or sometimes also longitudinally. Ovary 
usually 2-celled; stigma small. Berry mostly globose, the calyx either persistent at its base 
or enclosing it. [Name, according to Wettstein, from solamen, quieting. ] 
About 1000 species, of wide geographic distribution, most abundant in tropical America. 
Besides the following, some 20 others occur in the southern and western United States. Type 
species: Solanum nigrum L. 
* Glabrous or pubescent herbs, not prickly. 
Plants green; pubescence simple, or some of it stellate; flowers white. 
Leaves repand or entire; ripe berries black. 1, S. nigrum, 
Leaves deeply pinnatifid; ripe berries green. 2a. S, triflorum, : 
Plant silvery stellate-canescent ; flowers violet. 4. S. elaeagnifolium. 
** Stellate-pubescent and prickly herbs. 
Berry not enclosed by the calyx ; perennials. . 
Hirsute; leaves ovate or oblong, sinuate or pinnatifid. 3. S. carolinense. 
Densely silvery-canescent ; leaves linear or oblong, repand or entire. 4. S. elacagnifolium, 
Pubescent ; leaves ovate, 5-7-lobed. 5. 9. Porreyi. 
Berry partly or wholly invested by the spiny calyx; annuals. 
Lowest anther larger than the other four. 
Plant densely stellate-pubescent ; corolla yellow. . 
Plant glandular-pubescent, with few stcllate hairs; corolla violet. 
Anthers all equal. 
*** Climbing vine, not prickly; leaves hastate or 3-lobed. 
. S. rostratum, 
. S. citrullifolium. 
. SF. sisymbrifolium, 
. S, Dulcamara. 
oO ON A 
x. Solanum nigrum L. Black, Deadly or 
Garden Nightshade. Morel. Fig. 3717. 
Solanum nigrum L. Sp, Pl. 186. 1753. 
Annual, glabrous, or somewhat pubescent with .|\ 
simple hairs, green; stem erect, branched, 1°-24° 
high. Leaves ovate, petioled, more or less inequi- 
lateral, 1-3’ long, entire, undulate, or dentate, thin, 
acute, acuminate or acutish at the apex, narrowed 
or rounded at the base; peduncles lateral, umbel- 
lately 3-10-flowered, 4’-14" long; pedicels 3-7” long; 
flowers white, 4”-5” broad; calyx-lobes oblong, ob- 
tuse, spreading, much shorter than the corolla, per- 
sistent at the base of the berry; filaments somewhat 
pubescent; anthers obtuse; berries black when ripe, 
smooth and glabrous, globose, 4’-5” in diameter, on 
nodding peduncles. 
In waste places, commonly in cultivated soil, Nova 
Scotia to the Northwest Territory, south to Florida and 
Texas. Widely distributed in nearly all countries as a 
weed, and includes numerous races, differing principally 
in leaf-form and pubescence. Petty-morel. Duscle. 
Hound’s-berry. July—Oct. 
