GENUS 33. FIGWORT FAMILY. 217 
1. Schwalbea americana L. Chaff-seed. 
Fig. 3839. 
Schwalbea americana L. Sp. Pl. 606. 1753. 
Stem slender, strict, 1°-2° high. Leaves ob- 
long or ovate-oblong, entire, acute at both ends, 
1-12’ long, 2’-8” wide, the upper gradually 
smaller and passing into the bracts of the rather 
loose spike; flowers very nearly sessile, 1’-13’ 
long, longer than the bracts; bractlets at the base 
of the calyx linear, shorter than its tube; corolla- 
tube slightly exceeding the lower lobes of the 
calyx, these connate to near their apices; capsule 
enclosed by the calyx. 
In wet sandy soil, eastern Massachusetts to Flor- 3 
ida and Louisiana, near the coast. May-July. 5 
IS 
34. EUPHRASIA [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 604. 1753. 
Annual or perennial low mostly branched herbs, parasitic on other plants, with opposite 
dentate or incised leaves, and small blue purplish yellow or white often variegated flowers in 
terminal leafy-bracted spikes. Calyx not bracteolate at the base, campanulate or tubular, 
4-cleft (rarely 5-cleft with one of the lobes much smaller than the others). Corolla very 
irregular, 2-lipped, the upper lip erect, scarcely concave, 2-lobed, its margins recurved; lower 
lip larger, 3-lobed, spreading, its lobes either emarginate or obtuse. Stamens 4, didynamous, 
ascending under the upper lip of the corolla; anther-sacs equal and parallel, mucronate at the 
base. Capsule oblong, loculicidally dehiscent, many-seeded. Seeds oblong, longitudinally 
ribbed. [Greek, delight.] 
About 110 species, natives of temperate and cold regions of both the northern and southern 
hemispheres. Besides the following, another occurs in northwestern North America. Type species: 
Euphrasia officinalis L. 
Flowers 21%4”-4” long. 
Leaves markedly pubescent on both sides. 1. E. arctica. * 
Leaves glabrate or sparingly pubescent. 2. E. americana. 
Flowers 1%4”-2” long. 
Stem 3’-20’ long; flowers racemose-spicate. . 3. E. Randii. 
Stem 1’-2’ high; flowers subcapitate. 4. E. Oakesii. 
a? Euphrasia arctica Lange. Glandular Eye- 
bright. Fig. 3840. 
Euphrasia arctica Lange, Bot. Tidskr. 4: 47. 1870. 
Euphrasia latifolia Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 430. 1814. 
Not Willd. 
Annual; stem erect, simple, or with a few erect 
branches from near the base, pubescent with crisped 
hairs, 2’-7’ high. Leaves ovate to obovate, obtuse, 
pubescent on both sides, 2-5-toothed on each margin, 
the teeth sharp or blunt; spike 17-4’ long, the bracts 
imbricated, at least above, broadly oval to orbicular, 
cuneate at the base, sharply toothed, glandular- 
pubescent beneath or also on the margins; calyx- 
teeth acute; corolla 3-4” long, lilac, or variegated, 
the lobes of its lower lip nearly parallel; capsule 
oblong-elliptic, ciliate on the margins, and more or 
less pubescent or pilose, about as long as the calyx. 
Bluffs and slopes, Greenland to Hudson Bay, New 
Brunswick, Maine and Minnesota. Has been erro- 
neously referred to E. hirtella Jordan. Summer. 
