220 SCROPHULARIACEAE. Vor. IIT. 
conduplicate, sometimes short-beaked ; lower lip erect or ascending, 3-lobed, the lobes spread- 
ng or reflexed, the middle one the smallest. Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending within the 
upper lip of the corolla; anthers approximate in pairs, their sacs transverse, equal, parallel, 
obtuse or rarely mucronate at the base. Capsule compressed, oblique or curved, beaked, 
many-seeded, loculicidally dehiscent. Seeds reticulate, pitted, striate or ribbed. [Latin, per- 
taining to lice, long supposed to breed lice in sheep that feed on these plants.] 
About 125 species, mostly natives of the northern hemisphere. In addition to the following, 
some 30 others inhabit the western parts of North America. Mostly known as Lousewort; a few 
red-flowered species are called Red Rattle. Type species: Pedicularis sylvatica L. 
Beak of the galea conic, decurved, 1” long. 1. P. lapponica. 
Beak of the galea very short, or none. 
Annuals or biennials; stems leafy, freely branching; northern. 
Puberulent ; upper leaves crenulate, lower pinnatifid. 2. P. euphrasioides. 
Glabrous or very nearly so; leaves all pinnatifid. : 3. P. palustris. 
Perennials ; stems leafy, simple (rarely branched in No. 6). 
Corolla yellow, or the galea red; plants 6’-3° high; eastern species. 
Leaves pinnately lobed; capsule ovate, scarcely longer than the calyx. 
4. P. lanceolata. 
Leaves pinnately parted; capsule lanceolate, 3 times as long as the calyx. 
5. P. canadensis. 
Lower leaves pinnately divided; capsule ovate. 6. P. Furbishiae. 
Galea crimson or purple; plant 1’-4’ high; arctic. ; 7. P. fammea. 
Perennial ; stem scapose, or 1-leaved; flowers capitate; arctic. 8. P. capitata. 
1. Pedicularis lappénica L. Lapland Pedicularis. Fig. 3846. 
' Pedicularis lapponica L. Sp. Pl. 609. 1753. 
Perennial, puberulent; stems simple, or sparingly 
branched, leafy, 4’-8’ high. Leaves sessile, or very 
short-petioled, alternate or the lowest opposite, lanceo- 
late or linear-lanceolate, obtuse or acutish at the apex, 
‘-1¥’ long, pinnately incised into numerous approxi- 
mate oblong serrulate lobes; spike short, the flowers 
almost capitate, light yellow, 6-7” long; calyx cleft on 
the lower side, 2-toothed on the upper; galea erect, 
arched, tipped by an abruptly spreading or recurved 
conic beak about 1” long. 
In open places, Labrador and Greenland to the Arctic 
Sea. Also in Arctic Europe and Asia. Summer. 
Pedicularis pedicellata Bunge, an Alaskan species is re- 
corded by Bunge from Labrador. It is distinguished from 
the above by its scapose stem, deeply pinnatifid leaves and 
pedicellate lower flowers. We have not seen specimens 
from the eastern side of the continent. 
2. Pedicularis euphrasioides Steph. Eyebright Pedicularis. Fig. 3847. 
P. euphrasoides Steph.; Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 204. 1801. d ¢ : 
Biennial or annual, puberulent; stem branched, 
6’-15’ high, the branches ascending. Lower leaves 
petioled, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate in outline, 
2’-4’ long, 4-8” wide, pinnatifid into oblong, obtuse, 
crenate-dentate segments; upper leaves sessile, linear 
or linear-oblong, smaller, merely crenulate; flowers 
in a short terminal spike and solitary in the upper 
axils; calyx cleft on the lower side, 2-3-toothed on 
the upper, shorter than the corolla-tube; corolla yel- 
low, or the galea purplish, about 6” long; galea as 
long as the tube, tipped with a very short truncate 
beak, minutely 2-toothed on the lower side at the 
apex; capsule apparently shorter than the calyx. 
Labrador to Greenland, the Arctic Sea, Alaska and 
British Columbia. Also in northern Asia. Summer. 
