GENus 38. FIGWORT FAMILY. 223 
1. Elephantella groenlandica (Retz.) Rydb. Long-beaked Pedicularis. 
Fig. 3854. 
P. groenlandica Retz. Fl. Scand. Ed. 2, 145. 1795. a 
Elephantella groenlandica Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: \ . RSP \y 
363. 1900. aA \ } Y 
Perennial, glabrous; stem simple, erect, 1°-12° high. ea 
Leaves alternate, lanceolate in outline, acute or acumi- “7 
nate, pinnately parted or the lower pinnately divided 
into lanceolate, acute, crenulate or incised segments, 
the upper sessile, the lower slender-petioled, 2’-6’ long; 
spike 1’-6’ long, very dense; calyx 5-toothed, nearly as 
long as the corolla-tube, the teeth short, acutish; co- 
rolla red or purple, the galea produced into a filiform 
beak 6-8” long, which is decurved against the lower 
lip and upwardly recurved beyond it; body of the 
corolla 23-3” long; capsule obliquely ovate, about 
3” long. 
In wet soil, Labrador, Greenland and Hudson Bay to 
Athabasca, British Columbia, south in the Rocky Moun- 
tains to New Mexico, and in the Sierra Nevada to Cali- 
fornia. Summer. 
39. RHINANTHUS L. Sp. Pl. 603. 1753. 
Annual erect mostly branched herbs, with opposite leaves, and yellow blue violet or 
variegated flowers, in terminal 1-sided leafy-bracted spikes, or solitary in the upper axils. 
Calyx compressed, 4-toothed, much inflated, membranous and conspicuously veiny in fruit. 
Corolla very irregular, 2-lipped, the upper lip (galea) compressed, arched, minutely 2-toothed 
below the entire apex, the lower lip 3-lobed, shorter, the lobes spreading. Stamens 4, didy- — 
namous, ascending under the galea; anthers pilose, the sacs obtuse at the base, transverse, 
distinct. Capsule orbicular, flat, loculicidally dehiscent, several-seeded. Seeds nearly orbicu- 
lar, winged. [Greek, nose-flower, from the beaked corolla.] 
About 3 species, natives of the northern hemisphere. Type species: Rhinanthus Crista-galli L. 
1. Rhinanthus Crista-galli L. Rattle. Rattle-box. Yellow or Penny Rattle. 
Fig. 3855. 
Rhinanthus Crista-galli L. Sp. Pl. 603. 1753. 
Rhinanthus minor Ehrh. Beitr. 6: 44. 1791. 
Glabrous, or pubescent above; stem slender, usu- 
ally branched, 6-18’ high, the branches erect or 
ascending. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 
sessile, coarsely serrate-dentate, acute or obtuse, I’-2’ 
long, 2-4” wide; bracts broader, ovate, or ovate- 
lanceolate, incised-dentate, the teeth acuminate or 
subulate-tipped ; flowers yellow, 6-8” long; corolla- 
tube longer than the calyx, commonly with a purple 
spot on one or both lips, the teeth of the upper lip 
broad; fruiting calyx ovate-orbicular, 4”-6” in diam- 
eter; capsule orbicular, or broader, nearly as broad 
as the calyx, very flat, not oblique. 
\ Newfoundland and Labrador to Alaska and Oregon, 
. south to Quebec, the White Mountains of New Hamp- 
#! shire, New York and in the Rocky Mountains to New 
H Mexico; on the Atlantic Coast from Connecticut to New 
Brunswick. Common in northern Europe and Asia. 
Consists of several races, sometimes regarded as species, 
differing in habit and in color of the corolla-lips. Called 
yellow cockscomb, also rattle-bags. Penny-grass. Money-grass. June-Aug. 
Rhinthus major Ehrh., found many years ago in fields at Plymouth, Massachusetts, differs 
in having the teeth of the upper corolla-lip elongated, its flowers somewhat larger. It is a native 
of Europe. 
