288 VALERIANACEAE. Vor. ILL. 
5. Valerianella Woodsiana (T. & G.) Walp. 
Woods’ Corn Salad. Fig. 4004. 
Fedia Woodsiana T.& G. Fl. N. A.2: 52. 1841. 
Valerianella Woodsiana Walp. Rep. 2: 527. 1843. 
F. umbilicata Sulliv. Am. Journ. Sci. 42: 50. 1842. 
Fedia patallaria Sulliv.; A. Gray, Man. 183. 1848. 
Usually larger than any of the preceding spe- 
cies, sometimes 3° high, glabrous or very nearly 
so throughout. Basal and lower leaves spatulate, 
obtuse, entire; upper leaves lanceolate or linear- 
oblong, usually dentate; cymes 3-6” broad, few- 
flowered; bracts comparatively large, lancéolate; 
corolla white, about 1” long; fruit glabrous, 
nearly globular to saucer-shaped, about 1” in 
diameter, the empty cavities inflated, introrse with 
a depression or concavity between them, as broad 
as the fertile one. 
In moist soil, New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio 
to Tennessee and Texas. May-July. 
6. Valerianella longifldra (T. & G.) 
Walp. Long-flowered Corn Salad. 
Fig. 4005. 
Fedia longiflora T.& G. Fl. N.A.2: 51. 1841. 
Valerianella longiflora Walp. Rep. 2: 527. 1843. 
Glabrous; stem usually several times forked, 
6’-12’ high. Leaves very obtuse, the basal ones 
spatulate, 1’-23’ long, 4-8” wide, those of the 
stem oblong or spatulate-oblong, smaller, some- 
what clasping; cymes dense, corymbed, com- 
monly numerous, several-many-flowered; co- 
rolla salverform, pink or purplish, about 6” 
long, the almost filiform tube 3-4 times as long 
as the somewhat irregular 5-parted limb, the 
lobes linear-oblong; bracts with small gland- 
tipped teeth; fruit broadly ovate or nearly 
orbicular in outline, the empty cavities diver- 
gent, larger than the oblong seed-bearing one. 
In moist rocky situations, Missouri and Arkan- 
sas. April-May. 
Family 40. DIPSACACEAE Lindl. Veg. Kingd. 699. 1847. 
TEASEL FAMILY. 
Perennial biennial or annual herbs, with opposite or rarely verticillate leaves, 
and perfect gamopetalous flowers in dense involucrate heads. Stipules none. 
Flowers borne on an elongated or globose receptacle, bracted and involucellate. 
Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, its limb cup-shaped, disk-shaped, or divided into 
spreading bristles. Corolla epigynous, the tube usually enlarged at the throat, the 
limb 2-5-lobed. Stamens 2-4, inserted on the tube of the corolla and alternate 
with its lobes; filaments distinct ; anthers versatile, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary 
inferior, 1-celled, style filiform; stigma undivided, terminal, or oblique and lateral; 
ovule 1, anatropous. Fruit an achene, its apex crowned with the persistent calyx- 
lobes. Seed-coat membranous; endosperm fleshy; embryo straight. 
About 7 genera and 140 species, natives of the Old World. 
Scales of the elongated receptacle prickly pointed. 1. Dipsacus. 
Scales of the receptacle not prickly, herbaceous, capillary, or none. 
No receptacular scales. 2. Scabiosa. 
Scales of the receptacle about as long as the flowers. 3. Succisa. 
1. DIPSACUS [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl.g7. 1753. 
Rough-hairy or prickly tall erect biennial or perennial herbs, with opposite dentate entire 
or pinnatifid, usually large leaves, and blue or lilac flowers in dense terminal peduncled oblong 
heads in our species. Bracts of the involucre and scales of the receptacle rigid or spiny 
pointed. Involucels 4-8-ribbed with a somewhat spreading border. Limb of the calyx cup- 
