294 CUCURBITACEAE. Vou. III. 
with two parietal placentae ; style simple; stigma mostly 2-5-lobed ; ovules anatro- 
pous. Fruit a capsule. Seeds very numerous and small; embryo minute, straight ; 
endosperm fleshy. 
About 40 genera and over 1000 species, of wide geographic distribution. 
Capsule opening by lateral pores or valves. 
Corolla campanulate, rarely rotate; flowers all complete. 1. Campanula. 
Corolla rotate; earlier flowers cleistogamous. 2: Specularia. 
Capsule opening by terminal pores or valves. 3. Jasione. 
1. CAMPANULA [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 163. 1753. 
Perennial or annual herbs, with alternate or basal leaves. Flowers large or small, soli- 
tary, racemose, paniculate, or glomerate, regular, complete, blue, violet, or white. Calyx-tube 
hemispheric, turbinate, obovoid, or prismatic, adnate to the ovary, the limb deeply 5-lobed or 
5-parted (rarely 3-4-parted). Corolla campanulate or rotate, 5-lobed or 5-parted. Stamens 
5, free from the corolla; filaments usually dilated at the base; anthers separate. Ovary 
inferior, 3-5-celled; stigma 3-5-lobed. Capsule wholly or partly inferior, crowned by the 
persistent calyx-lobes, opening on the sides, either near the top, middle or bottom by 3-5 
small valves or perforations, or tending to be indehiscent in some species. [Diminutive of 
the Latin campana, a bell.] 
About 250 species, natives of the northern hemisphere. Besides the following, some 8 others 
occur in the southern and western parts of North America; all known as Bell-flower. Type species: 
Campanula latifolia L. 
*Corolla campanulate; flowers solitary, racemose, glomerate, or panicled. 
Flower solitary at the end of the stem; arctic and alpine plants. 
Corolla 4”-6” long s-capsule-openings near the summit. 1. C. uniflora. 
Corolla 6”—12” long; capsule-openings near the base. 2. C, rotundifolia. 
Flowers racemose, glomerate, or paniculate. : 
Corolia 7”-15” long. 
Stem leaves linear, the basal orbicular, mostly cordate. 2. C. rotundifolia. 
Leaves all ovate to lanceolate; plants pubescent or scabrous. 
Flowers pedicelled, or clustered. 
Calyx and corolla glabrous, or calyx finely pubescent. 3. C. rapunculoides. 
Calyx and corolla bristly-hairy. 4. C. Trachelium. 
; Flowers sessile in terminal and axillary clusters. 5. C. glomerata. 
Corolla 2’—5” long. 
Plants rough; style not exserted. 
Corolla white, or tinged with blue, 2%”-4” long; leaves mostly linear-lanceolate, 
crenulate. 6. C. aparinoides. 
Corolla blue, 5”-6” long; leaves linear, denticulate with minute callous teeth. 
7. C. uliginosa. 
Plants smooth, glabrous, slightly viscid; style long-exserted. 8. C. divaricata. 
** Corolla rotate; flowers spicate. 9. C. americana. 
1. Campanula unifléra L. Arctic Harebell or Bell- 
: flower. Fig. 4or5. 
Campanula uniflora L. Sp. Pl. 163. 1753. 
Perennial, glabrous or nearly so; stem simple, 1-flow- 
ered, 1’-6’ high. Leaves linear or linear-oblong, acute, 
sessile, thickish, entire or sparingly dentate, 9’—18” long, 
or the lower and basal ones spatulate, obtuse and narrowed 
into petioles; flower erect; calyx-tube turbinate, glabrous 
or pubescent, shorter than or equalling the lobes; corolla 
campanulate, 4”-6” long, blue; capsule cylindric or club- 
shaped, about 6” long, erect, opening by valves near the 
summit. 
Labrador and Arctic America to Alaska, south in the Rocky 
Mountains to Colorado. Also in northern Europe and Asia. 
Summer. 
