306 CICHORIACEAE. Vot. III. 
2. LAPSANA L. Sp. Pl. 811. 1753. 
Annual erect branching herbs, with alternate dentate or pinnatifid leaves, and small 
panicled slender-peduncled heads of yellow flowers. Involucre nearly cylindric, its principal 
bracts in I series, nearly equal, with a few exterior small ones at the base. Receptacle flat, 
naked. Rays truncate and 5-toothed at the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style- 
branches slender. Achenes obovate-oblong, 20-30-nerved, somewhat flattened, narrowed 
below, rounded at the summit. Pappus none. [Greek, lampsana, the name of a crucifer.] 
About 9 species, natives of the Old World, the following typical. 
1. Lapsana commtnis L. Nipplewort. Succory 
Dock-cress. Fig. 4043. 
Lapsana communis L. Sp. Pl. 811. 1753. 
Stem paniculately branched, glabrous above, more or 
less hispid-pubescent below, 1°-34° high. Lower leaves 
ovate, repand-dentate, obtuse, thin, pubescent, or glabrate, 
petioled, 2’-4’ long, often with 2-6 lobes on the petiole, 
the uppermost oblong or lanceolate, sessile, acute, much 
smaller, mostly entire; heads very numerous, 3-6” broad; 
involucre oblong-cylindric, 2”-3” high, and of about 8 
linear glaucous principal bracts and several very small 
outer ones. 
Along roadsides and in waste places, Quebec and Ontario 
to New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Michigan. Also on the 
Pacific Coast and in Jamaica. Naturalized from Europe. 
Called also bolgan-leaves, ballogan. June—Sept. 
3. SERINIA Raf. Fl. Ludov. 149. 1817. 
[Apocon Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 2: 267. 1824.] 
Low glaucescent branching annual herbs, with alternate clasping entire or lobed leaves, 
or those of the stem sometimes appearing as if opposite, and few small long-peduncled heads 
of yellow flowers. Involucre broadly campanulate, its bracts about 8, equal, membranous, 
becoming concave after flowering. Receptacle flat, naked. Rays truncate and 5-toothed at 
the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style-branches slender. Achenes obovoid, 
8-10-ribbed, contracted at the base, rounded at the summit. Pappus none, or a mere vestige. 
[Greek, small chicory.] F 
Three known species, natives of the southern United States, 
the following typical. 
1. Serinia oppositifolia (Raf.) Kuntze. Serinia. 
Fig. 4044. 
Krigia oppositifolia Raf. Fl. Ludov. 57. 1817. 
Apogon humilis Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 2: 267. 1824. 
Serinia oppositifolia Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 364. 1891. F 
Glabrous throughout, or slightly glandular-pubescent along 
the ends of the peduncles, branched from the base, 4’-10’ 
high. Basal and lower leaves petioled, oblong-lanceolate or 
spatulate in outline, acute or obtuse, entire, lobed or pin- 
natifid, 3-5’ long, 2’-6” wide; upper leaves mainly sessile, 
clasping, alternate, or appearing as if opposite, usually entire, 
smaller; peduncles very slender, sometimes 4’ long; heads 
13-2” broad; bracts of the involucre acute or acuminate, 
about the length of the rays. 
Kansas to Texas, east to North Carolina and Florida. Recorded 
from Missouri. March—May. 
4. KRIGIA Schreb. Gen. Pl. 532. 17091. 
An annual herb, with scapose stems, basal, entire, sinuate-dentate or pinnatifid leaves, 
and a small or middle-sized head of yellow flowers, solitary at the end of the scape. Invo- 
lucre campanulate, its herbaceous bracts 9-18, reflexed in fruit, in 2 series, with no exterior 
shorter ones. Receptacle flat, naked. Rays truncate and 5-toothed at the apex. Anthers 
sagittate at the base. Style-branches slender, obtusish. Achenes turbinate, 15-20-ribbed, 
truncate. Pappus in 2 series, the outer of 5 thin broad rounded scales, the inner of 10 or 
more slender naked bristles. [In honor of David Krig, who collected plants in Maryland 
early in the eighteenth century.] 
A monotypic genus of North America. This and the two following genera were included in 
Adopogon Neck., in our first edition, but that genus is not typified, and the name probably belongs 
to an Old World plant. : 
