322 CICHORIACEAE, Vor. III. 
18. LYGODESMIA D. Don, Edinb. Phil. Journ. 6: 311. 1820. 
Perennial or annual glabrous rigid branching herbs, with linear leaves, or the basal and 
lower ones sometimes broader and pinnatifid, those of the stem very narrow and entire or 
reduced to linear scales, and middle-sized 3-12-flowered heads of pink or purple flowers, 
solitary and erect at the ends of the stem and branches, or sometimes racemose. Involucre 
cylindric, its principal bracts 5-8, linear, scarious-margined, equal, slightly united -at the base, 
with several very short outer ones. Receptacle flat, naked. Rays truncate and 5-toothed at 
the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style-branches slender., Achenes linear, smooth 
or striate. Pappus of copious somewhat unequal simple bristles. [Greek, twig-bundle, from 
the numerous branches. ] 
About 6 species, natives of western and southern-North America. Type species: Prenanthes 
juncea Pursh, 
Heads solitary at the ends of the branches; leaves linear or subulate. 1. L. juncea. 
Heads racemose along the branches; leaves elongated-linear. 2. L. rostrata. 
1. Lygodesmia jancea (Pursh) D. 
Don. Rush-like Lygodesmia. 
Fig. 4079. 
Prenanthes juncea Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 498. 
1814, 
Lygodesmia juncea D. Don; Hook. Fl. Bor. 
Am. I: 295. 1833. 
Perennial by a thick woody root; stems 
stiff, striate, much branched, 8-18’ high, 
the branches erect. Lower leaves linear- 
lanceolate, rigid, entire, acute or acuminate, 
4’-2’ long, 4-14” wide, the upper similar 
but smaller, or reduced to subulate scales; 
heads 6”-8” broad, mostly 5-flowered, soli- 
tary at the ends of the branches; involucre 
6-8” high; achenes narrowly columnar or 
slightly tapering, truncate at the summit, 
about 8-nerved or ribbed, 23-33” -long; 
pappus light brown. : 
Plains, Minnesota to Saskatchewan, Mon- 
tana, Wisconsin, Missouri, Nebraska, Kansas 
and Arizona. Often infested by a globose gall 
2”—5” in diameter. June—Aug. 
2. Lygodesmia rostrata A. Gray. 
Beaked Lygodesmia. Fig. 4080. 
ioe juncea var. rostrata A. Gray, Proc. Phil. 
Acad. 1863 : 69. 1863. 
Lygodesmia rostrata A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 
Q: 217. 1874. 
Annual, less rigid; stem striate, leafy, 
paniculately branched, 1°-3° high. Leaves 
elongated-linear, acuminate, entire, 3-nerved, 
the lower 3’-7’ long, 1’-14” wide, the upper- 
most very small and subulate; heads numer- 
ous, 7-10-flowered, about 4’ broad, racemose 
along the branches on scaly short erect pe- 
duncles; involucre 5’-7” high; achenes nar- 
rowly fusiform, narrowed or somewhat 
beaked at the summit, 5-8-ribbed or -striate, 
4-5” long, longer than the whitish pappus. 
Plains and canyons, South Dakota to Sas- 
katchewan, Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado and 
Wyoming. Aug.-Sept. 
