CICHORIACEAE. Vor. III. 
8. Crepis occidentalis Nutt. Large-flowered 
Gray Hawksbeard. Fig. 4093. 
Crepis occidentalis Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 7: 29. 1834. 
Perennial, scurfy and canescent, sometimes also hir- 
sute; stem rather stout, leafy, branched, 6-18’ high. 
Leaves oblong-lanceolate or oblong in outline, laciniate- 
pinnatifid, acute or acuminate, the lower and basal ones 
6’-10’ long, narrowed into petioles, the upper sessile and 
slightly clasping; heads few or several, corymbose, 
stout-peduncled, about 1’ broad, 10-30-flowered; invo- 
lucre oblong-campanulate, canescent, its principal bracts 
9-24, linear, acute; achenes oblong, sharply 1o-ribbed, 
glabrous. : 
Plains, western Nebraska (according to Gray) ; Colorado 
to California, north to Montana and British Columbia. 
May-July. 
22. HIERACIUM [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 709. 1753. 
Perennial hispid scabrous glandular or glabrous herbs, with alternate or basal leaves, 
and small middle-sized or large, solitary corymbose or paniculate heads of yellow orange or 
red flowers. Involucre cylindric, campanulate, or nearly hemispheric, its principal bracts in 
I-3 series, the outer either regularly and gradually smaller or abruptly much smaller, none 
of them much thickened at the base after flowering. Receptacle flat, naked or short-fimbril- 
late. Rays truncate and 5-toothed at the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style-branches 
slender. Achenes oblong, columnar, or fusiform, not beaked, 10-15-ribbed, terete or 4-5- 
angled. Pappus copious, or I-2 rows of simple rather stiff persistent brown or brownish’ 
bristles. [Greek, hawk.] 
Not fewer than 300 species, natives of the north temperate zone and the Andes of South Amer- 
ica. Besides the following, some 20 others occur in western North America. Known as Hawkweed, 
Hawk-bit, or Speerhawk. Type species: Hieracium murorum L, : 
A. Rootstock short, erect; plants without stolons. 
a. Heads 1’-2' broad, 
Stem with 1-5 leaves only; basal leaves tufted; introduced species. 
Leaves cordate or subcordate; scape naked or 1-leaved. 1. H. murorum. 
Leaves narrowed at the base; stem several-leaved. 2. H.vulgatum. 
Stem very leafy up to the inflorescence; native species. 
Leaves short, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, rounded or clasping at the base. 3. H. canadense. 
Leaves elongated, linear-lanceolate, narrowed at the base. 4. H. scabriusculum. 
b. Heads less than 1’ broad. 
* Stem leaf-bearing nearly or quite up to the inflorescence, the upper leaves sometimes very small 
and distant. : 
Pubescence of abundant brownish or whitish hairs %’-1’ long; inflorescence elongated. 
5. H.longipilum. 
Pubescence of short hairs, or nearly or quite wanting. 
Leaves lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, glabrous. 6. H. paniculatum. 
Leaves elliptic to obovate, mostly obtuse. 
Stem hispid-pubescent, densely glandular-hispid above; the peduncles stout, spreading. 
7. H.scabrum. 
Stem loosely pubescent; pedicels slender. 
Inflorescence elongated; achenes spindle-shaped: 8. H. Gronovii. 
Inflorescence corymbiform ; achenes columnar, truncate. 9. H. marianum. 
** Leaves all basal or 1 or 2 borne on the stem above. 
Basal leaves elliptic to obovate or oblong-spatulate; native species. 
Pedicels and involucres glabrous or nearly so; leaves glabrous or loosely pubescent. 
10. H. venosum. 
Pedicels and involucres glandular-pubescent ; leaves villous. 11. H. Greenii. 
Basal leaves narrowly oblanceolate, introduced. 12. H. florentinum. 
B. Rootstock elongated, slender; plants mostly stoloniferous, scapose. 
Scape bearing a single head, rarely 2 to 4. 13. H. Pilosella. 
Heads several or many, corymbose. 
Flowers yellow. 
Plant glaucous; leaves glabrous*or nearly so above. 14. H. floribundum. 
Plant not glaucous; leaves hirsute on both sides. 15. H. pratense. 
Flowers orange. 16. H. aurantiacum. 
