COMPOSITAE, 
Catskills, 
2. Solidago petiolaris Ait. Downy Ragged 
Golden-rod. lig. 421.4. 
Solidago foie ats Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 216. 1789. 
Solidago Wardii Britton, Man. 935. 1901. 
Stem rather slender, pubescent or puberulent, 1°-3° 
high, simple, or branched above. Leaves sessile, or 
very short-petioled, oblong to oval, acute, obtuse or 
mucronate, entire or dentate, 4’-3’ long, rough or ciliate 
on the margins, often silvery-pubescent; heads 3-4” 
high, in a terminal narrow more or less compound 
thyrsus; involucral bracts pubescent, with green acute 
to acuminate tips, the outer spreading, the inner ap- 
pressed; achenes glabrous or nearly so. 
In dry soil, Illinois to Kansas and Texas, east to North 
Carolina and Florida. Races differ in pubescence and in 
leaf-form and leaf-serration. Sept.Oct. 
Vow. II], 
1. Solidago squarrésa Muh!. Stout 
Ragged Golden-rod. Fig, 4213. 
Solidago squarrosa Muhl. Cat. 76. 1813. 
Stem stout, simple, or rarely branched above, 
glabrous or puberulent, 2°-5° high. Upper 
leaves oblong, acute, entire or nearly so, ses- 
sile; lower and basal leaves obovate, oval, or 
broadly spatulate, acute or obtuse, 4’-10’ long, 
1-3’ wide, sharply dentate, often narrowed 
into a margined petiole, all glabrous, or some- 
times slightly pubescent; heads 15-25-flow- 
ered, 4-5” high, numerous in a terminal nar- 
row often leafy thyrsus sometimes 12’ in 
length; rays 10-16, showy, 2’-3” long; tips of 
the involucral bracts green, acute or obtuse, 
rarely some of them erect, all usually strongly 
recufved, giving the heads a ragged appear- 
ance; achenes glabrous. 
In rocky soil, New Brunswick to Ontario, North 
Carolina and Ohio. Ascends to 2000 ft. in the 
Lower branches of the inflorescence 
sometimes elongated. Aug.-Oct. 
3. Solidago caésia LL. Blue-stemmed 
or Wreath Golden-rod. Fig. 4215. 
Solidago caesia L. Sp. Pl. 879. 1753. 
S. gracilis Poir, in Lam, Eneyel. 8: 476, 1808, 
S. avillaris Pursh, Fl, Am, Sept. 542. 1814. 
S. caesia axillaris A, Gray, Proc. Am, Acad. 17: 
189, 1882, 
Stem glabrous, slender, often glaucous, 
usually bluish or purple, branched or sim- 
ple, terete, 1°-3° high. Leaves lanceolate or 
oblong-lanceolate, sessile, acuminate at the 
apex, narrowed at the base, glabrous, sharply 
serrate, 2'-5’ long, 3-18” wide; heads 2-3” 
high, in axillary clusters or racemes, or oc- 
casionally with some in a short terminal 
thyrsus; bracts of the involucre obtuse, ap- 
pressed; achenes pubescent. 
Woods and thickets, Nova Scotia to Ontario, 
Minnesota, Florida, Arkansas and Texas. Con- 
sists of several slightly differing races. Wood- 
land golden-rod. Aug.—Oct. 
