COMPOSITAE. Vou. II. 
25. Solidago tortifolia Ell. Twisted-leaf 
Golden-rod. Vig. 4237. 
Solidago retrorsa Pursh, Fl. Am, Sept. 539. 1814. 
Not Michx, 1803. 
S. tortifolia Ell, Bot. S.C. & Ga, a: 377, Say. 
Stem slender, rough-pubescent or puberulent, 
2°-3° high, simple. Leaves linear or linear- 
oblong, often twisted, scabrous, sessile, acute, 
1-2’ long, 147-3” wide, obscurely veined but 
with a distinct midrib, the lower serrate, the 
upper entire; heads about 2” high, secund on the 
usually recurved branches of the terminal pani- 
cle; rays 3-5, short; bracts of the involucre 
linear, obtuse or obtusish. 
In dry sandy soil, Virginia to Florida and Texas, 
mostly near the coast. Autumn, 
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26. Solidago fistulosa Mill. Pine 
Barren Golden-rod. Fig. 4238. 
Solidago fistulosa Mill. Gard. Dict. Ed. 8, No 
19. 1768 
68. 
Solidago pilosa Walt. Fl, Car. 207. 1788. Not 
Mill, 1768, 
Stem rather stout, simple or branched 
above, 3°-7° high, hirsute. Leaves numer- 
ous, sessile, ovate-oblong, oblong-lanccolate, 
or sometimes lanceolate, thick, rough or 
hirsute on the margins and midrib beneath, 
the upper small, obtuse or obtusish, entire, 
the lower sparingly serrate, obtuse or acute, 
1-4’ long with a broad basé; heads about 
2” high, secund on the spreading or recurv- 
ing branches of ethe panicle; rays 7-10, 
small; bracts of the involucre, at least the 
outer, acute. 
RH 4 K 
RAY ae IE 
De NY YW Cy” ip 
RAG 
ee oa d SS 88 RISER 27. Solidago rugésa Mill. Wrinkle- 
roe leaved, Tall Hairy, or Pyramid 
Golden-rod. Bitter-weed. 
lig. 4230. 
S. rugosa Mill. Gard. Dict. Ed. 8, No. a5, 1768. 
Solidago aspera Ait, tlort. Kew. 3: 212. 1789, 
Stem hirsute or scabrous, rarely glabrate, 
usually stout, 1°-74° high, simple, or 
branched at the summit. Leaves more or 
less pubescent or scabrous, oval, oblong- 
lanceolate, or ovate-lanecolate, acute or 
acuminate, rarely obtusish at the apex, nar- 
rowed or obtuse at the base, rugosely 
veined on the lower surface, serrate, 1-4! 
long, 4”-18" wide, sessile, or the lowest 
sometimes tapering into petioles; heads 
14”-2” high, secund on the spreading or 
recurving, often leafy branches of the usu- 
ally large and compound panicle; bracts of 
the involucre linear, obtuse or obtusish. 
Usually in dry soil, in fields and along road- 
sides, Newfoundland to western Ontario, south 
to Florida and Texas, Consists of many races, 
differing in leaf-form, leaf-thickness and in 
pubescence. Supposed to hybridize with S. 
sempervirens 1. Dyer’s-weed.  July-Nov. 
