GENUS 22. THISTLE FAMILY. 397 
46. Solidago rigida L. Stiff or Hard- 
leaved Golden-rod. Fig. 4258. 
Solidago rigida L. Sp. Pl. 880. 1753. 
Oligoneuron canescens Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 31: 
652. 1905. 
Stem stout, simple, or branched above, 
densely and finely rough-pubescent, hoary, 1°- 
5° high. Leaves thick, flat, rigid, ovate to 
oblong, pinnately veined, often obtuse, rough 
on both sides, or smoothish beneath, the upper 
sessile, clasping, and rounded or sometimes 
narrowed at the base, 1’-2’ long, mostly entire; 
lower and basal leaves long-petioled, some- 
times 1° long and 3’ wide, entire or serrulate; 
heads 4’-5” high, many-flowered, in a terminal 
dense, compound corymb, the clusters some- 
times slightly secund; involucre broadly cam- 
panulate, its bracts oblong, obtuse, the outer 
pubescent; rays 6-10, large; achenes glabrous, 
10-15-nerved. 
In dry sandy, gravelly or rocky soil, Ontario to 
Saskatchewan, Massachusetts, Georgia, Texas and 
Colorado, Aug.—Oct. 
Solidago corymbosa Ell., of the Southern States, 
differing by being iess rough and with slightly 
smaller heads, probably a race of this species, 
ranges north into Ohio. 
an 
47. Solidago ohioénsis Riddell. Ohio 
Golden-rod. Fig. 4259. 
Solidago ohioensis Riddell, Syn. Fl. West. 
States 57. 1835. 
Very smooth throughout; stem rather 
slender, simple, 2°-3° high. Leaves firm, 
pinnately veined, flat, the basal and lower 
ones elongated-lanceolate or oblong-lanceo- 
late, obtuse, long-petioled, serrulate toward 
the end, or entire, often 1° long; upper 
leaves sessile, lanceolate, entire, gradually 
smaller and those of the inflorescence bract- 
like; heads 23-3” high, numerous in a 
terminal compound corymb, 15-25-flowered; 
rays 6-9, small; bracts of the narrowly cam- 
panulate involucre oblong, very obtuse, gla- 
brous; achenes glabrous, 5-nerved. 
In moist soil, western New York and south- 
ern Ontario to Illinois, Michigan and Wiscon- 
sin. Aug.—Sept. 
y 
48. Solidago Riddéllii Frank. Riddell’s 
Golden-rod. Fig. 4260. 
Solidago Riddellii Frank; Riddell, Syn. Fl. West. 
States 57. 1835. 
Stem stout, glabrous, or slightly pubescent . 
above, 1°-3° high. Leaves numerous, thick, 
glabrous on both sides, entire, acute at each 
end, the lower and basal ones long-petioled, 
elongated, lanecolate, somewhat triple-nerved 
and conduplicate, often 1° long, 4-10” wide, 
the upper smaller, similar, sessile and clasping 
at the base, conduplicate, somewhat falcate; 
heads 3-4” high, 20-30-flowered, very numer- 
ous in a dense corymb; involucre oblong-cam- 
panulate, its bracts broadly oblong, obtuse; 
rays 7-9, narrow; achenes 5-nerved, glabrous. 
On moist prairies, Ontario to Minnesota, Ohio 
and Missouri. Also at Fortress Monroe, Va. 
supposed hybrid with S. rigida L. occurs in lowa. 
Aug.—Sept. 
