474 
Achenes short, flattened, sharp-margined, or winged, at length deciduous with the chaff. 
[Name unexplained.] 
Pappus with 1 or 2 teeth, or none. 
COMPOSITAE. 
About 4 species, natives of North America. Type species: Rudbeckia columnaris Sims. 
Style-tips lanceolate-subulate ; leaf-segments lanceolate; rays 1/-3’ long. 1. R. pinnata. 
Style-tips short, blunt ; leaf-segments linear; rays 3’-15” long. F 
Disk cylindric, at length 1’ long or more; rays mostly as long, or longer. 2. R.columnaris. 
Disk globose to short-oblong, about 4’ high; rays mostly short. 3. R. Tagetes. 
1. Ratibida pinnata (Vent.) Barnhart. Gray-headed Cone-flower. Fig. 4453. 
Rudbeckia pinnata Vent. Hort. Cels. pl. 77. 1800. 
Lepachys pinnata T. & G. FIN. A. 2: 314. 1842. 
Ratibida pinnata Barnhart, Bull. Torr. Club 24: 410. 
1897. 
Rough and strigose-pubescent throughout; stem 
branched or simple, 3°-5° high. Leaves pin- 
nately 3-7-divided, the basal ones sometimes 10’ 
long, petioled, the segments lanceolate, dentate, 
cleft or entire, acute or acuminate; upper leaves 
sessile or nearly so, the uppermost commonly 
small and entire; bracts of the involucre linear 
or linear-oblong, short, reflexed; rays 4-10, yel- 
low, 1’-3’ long, 3-9” wide, drooping; style-tips 
lance-subulate; disk oblong, gray or becoming 
brown, rounded, at length twice as long as thick; 
chaff of the receptacle canescent at the summit; 
achenes compressed, acutely margined, the inner 
margin produced into a short tooth. 
On dry prairies, Ontario and western New York to 
Florida, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and Louisi- 
ana. Adventive eastward to Massachusetts. June- 
Sept. . 
2. Ratibida columnaris (Sims) D. Don. Long-headed or Prairie Cone-flower. 
Rudbeckia columnaris Sims, Bot. Mag. pl. r60r. 1813. 
Ratibida columnaris D. Don; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. 2: 
361. 1838. 
Lepachys columnaris T. & G. Fl. N. A. 2: 
Lepachys columnaris var. pulcherrima T. 
1842. 
Strigose-pubescent and scabrous; stem slender, 
usually branched, 1°-23° high. Leaves thick, pin- 
nately divided into linear or linear-oblong, acute or 
obtuse, entire dentate or cleft segments, the cauline 
short-petioled or sessile, 2’-4’ long, the basal ones 
sometimes oblong, obtuse and undivided, slender- 
petioled; bracts of the involucre short, linear-lan- 
ceolate or subulate, reflexed; rays 4-10, yellow, 
brown at the base, or brown all over, 4’-15” long, 
drooping; disk gray, elongated-conic or cylindric, 
blunt, at length 3 or 4 times as long as thick; chaff 
of the receptacle canescent at the apex; achenes 
scarious-margined or narrowly winged on the inner 
side; pappus of 1 or 2 subulate teeth usually with 
several short intermediate scales. 
On dry prairies, Minnesota to Assiniboia, British Co- 
lumbia, Montana, Nebraska, Texas, Mexico and Ari- 
zona. Also in Tennessee. Brush. May-Aug. 
Fig. 4454. 
313. 1842. 
& G. loc. cit. 
Vor. III. 
