488 COMPOSITAE. Vou. IIL. 
Siegesbeckia occidentalis L. Sp. Pl. goo. 1753. 
Verbesina occidentalis Walt. Fl. Car. 213. 1788 
Phaethusa americana Gaertn. Fr. & Sem. 2: 425. 1791. 
V. Siegesbeckia Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 134. 1803. 
Perennial; stem glabrous, or puberulent above, 
usually much branched, narrowly 4-winged, 3°-7° 
high, the branches also winged and pubescent. 
Leaves thin, ovate, or the upper oblong, opposite, 
minutely rough-pubescent on both sides, or gla- 
brate, acuminate at the apex, narrowed or con- 
tracted below into slender margined or naked 
petiole, serrate, 4’-10’ long, 1’-33’ wide; heads 
numerous, 6’~12” broad, corymbose at the ends 
of the stem and branches; involucre oblong-cam- 
panulate, 2-3” broad, its bracts lanceolate, ob- 
tuse, erect, or the tips slightly spreading, pubes- 
cent; rays I-5, yellow, usually pistillate, rarely 
none; achenes wingless; pappus of 2 slender, at 
length divergent awns. 
In dry thickets and on hillsides, Maryland and southern Pennsylvania to Illinois, Florida, 
Alabama and Texas. Aug.—Oct. 
3. Phaethusa helianthoides ( Michx.) Britton. 
Sunflower Crownbeard. Fig. 4490. 
Varhestne helian:hoides Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 135. 
pee iaals helianthoides Nutt. Gen. 2: 181. 1818. 
Perennial; stem hispid or hirsute, 4-winged, usu- 
ally simple, 2°-4° high. Leaves ovate or oval, ses- 
sile, acute, acuminate or obtuse at the apex, nar- 
rowed at the base, serrate or serrulate, rough or 
appressed-hispid above, densely pubescent or canes- 
cent beneath, 2’-4’ long, 1’-13’ wide, all alternate, 
or the lower opposite; heads solitary or few, 2’-3’ 
broad; involucre hemispheric, about 4’ high, its 
bracts lanceolate, acutish, canescent, appressed; rays 
815, pistillate or neutral, linear-oblong, yellow; 
achenes scabrous or pubescent, broadly winged; 
pappus of 2 subulate awns. 
On dry prairies and in thickets, Ohio to Georgia, west 
to Iowa, Missouri and Texas. June-July. 
69. XIMENESIA Cav. Icones 2: 60. 1793. : 
Pubescent caulescent herbs, with alternate or sometimes opposite, simple, toothed or 
somewhat laciniate leaves, and solitary or few, radiate, showy, peduncled heads. Involucre 
rather flat, of narrow spreading bracts. Receptacle convex, chaffy. Ray-flowers pistillate, 
fertile, numerous, the rays yellow. Disk-flowers numerous, perfect, fertile. Anthers some- 
what sagittate at the base. Style-branches with slender pubescent appendages. Achenes 
flat, winged. Pappus of short and straight awns. [In honor of Joseph Ximenes, a Spanish 
apothecary and botanist.] : 
About 4 species, natives of America, the following typical. 
