GENUS 7I. THISTLE FAMILY. 497 
6. Bidens discoidea (T. & G.) Britton. 
Small Beggar-ticks. Fig. 4510. 
Coreopsis discoidea T.& G. Fl. N. A. 2: 339. 1842. 
B. discoidea Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 20: 281. 1893. 
Annual, glabrous, slender, branching, erect, 2’-6° 
high. Leaves membranous, very slender-petioled, 
all the lower ones divided into 3 lanceolate or 
oblong-lanceolate, dentate, acuminate segments 
which are 1’-3’ long; uppermost leaves commonly 
rhombic-lanceolate and undivided; heads usually 
numerous, slender-peduncled, 2’-4” broad and 
about as high; involucre broadly campanulate or 
hemispheric, its outer bracts mostly 4, usually 
‘foliaceous and obtuse, usually much surpassing 
the inner ones; rays apparently always wanting; 
achenes flat, narrowly cuneate, upwardly strigose, 
about 2” long; pappus of 2 short, upwardly his- 
pid, rarely downwardly barbed awns. 
In swamps and wet places, Massachusetts to Vir- 
ginia, Ohio, Michigan, Louisiana and Texas. July- 
Sept. 
LY 7. Bidens frondésa L. Beggar-ticks. 
WF Stick-tight. Fig. 4511. 
Bidens frondosa L. Sp. Pl. 832. 1753. 
B. lida Wiegand, Bull. Torr. Club 26: 405. 
1899. 
Annual; stem erect, branched, glabrous, or 
nearly so, often purplish, 2°-3° high. Leaves thin, 
but not membranous, slender-petioled, pinnately 
3-5-divided or the uppermost undivided, the seg- 
ments lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, sharply 
serrate, acuminate at the apex, narrowed at the 
base, usually slightly pubescent beneath, stalked, 
2’-4' long, 4’-1' wide; heads usually numerous, 
long-peduncled, about 6” high, 5’—10” broad; in- 
volucre campanulate, becoming hemispheric, its 
outer bracts 4-8, more or less foliaceous, often 
much exceeding the ovate-lanceolate, scarious- 
margined inner ones; rays none or rudimentary 
and inconspicuous; disk-corollas orange; achenes 
flat, narrowly cuneate, nearly black, 3’~5” long, 
ciliate, the two slender awns downwardly barbed, 
or sometimes upwardly hispid. 
In moist soil, often a weed in fields, Nova Scotia to Florida, British Columbia, Texas, Colorado 
and California. Introduced as a weed into southern Europe. Rayless marigold. Beggar-lice. 
Devil’s-pitchfork. Stick-seed. Common _ bur-marigold. 
Old-ladies clothes-pins. Cuckles. July—Oct. 
8. Bidens vulgata Greene. Tall Beggar-ticks. 
Fig. 4512. 
Bidens vulgata Greene, Pittonia 4: 72. 189 
9. 
B. frondosa puberula Wiegand, Bull. Torr. Club 26: 408. 
1899. 
Taller, sometimes 9° high, glabrous or nearly so, 
or crisp-pubescent above. Leaves pinnately 3-5- 
divided, the veins straight and prominent; heads 
larger, 7-12” broad, stout-peduncled; outer invo- 
lucral bracts linear to linear-spatulate, ciliate, the 
inner mostly ovate or narrowly triangular, pubescent 
at apex; ray-flowers usually present, small, yellow; 
achenes very flat, 3-44” long, 2’’-23’’ wide, brown 
or greenish brown, the margins downwardly barbed 
above, upwardly hairy below; awns 2, half as long 
as the achene or more, downwardly barbed. 
In moist soil, Quebec to British Columbia, New York, 
North Carolina, Missouri, Colorado and California. 
Aug.Sept. Included in the preceding species in our 
first edition. 
32 
