GENuS 85. THISTLE FAMILY. 
4. Gaillardia suavis (A. Gray) Britt. & 
Rusby. Rayless Gaillardia. Fig. 4548. 
Agassizia suavis A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 1: 49. 1846. 
Gaillardia simplex Scheele, Linnaea 22: 160. 1849. 
Gaillardia suavis Britt. & Rusby, Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 
7:11. 1887, 
Annual or biennial. Leaves in a basal tuft, or a 
few near the base of the slender pubescent scape, 
spatulate or obovate in outline, 2-6’ long, pinnatifid, 
dentate, or some of them entire; scape 1°-2° high, 
monocephalous; head about 1’ broad with the odor 
of heliotrope, globose in fruit; rays none, or short 
and pistillate, or a few of them longer and neutral; 
bracts of the involucre oblong or lanceolate, spar- 
ingly pubescent; fimbrillae of the receptacle obso- 
lete; style-appendages short, naked; achenes densely 
villous; pappus scales broad, their awns very slender. 
In dry rocky soil, Kansas to Texas. April-June. 
86. BOEBERA Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 2125. 1804, 
Erect or diffuse, branching, annual, or perennial, strong-scented, more or less glandular 
herbs, with opposite, mostly finely dissected leaves, and small peduncled heads of both tubular 
and radiate yellow flowers. Involucre campanulate or nearly hemispheric, its bracts in 1 
series, united into a cup, with small additional outer ones. Receptacle flat, pubescent. Ray- 
flowers pistillate, the rays short. Disk-flowers perfect, their corollas 5-toothed. Anthers 
entire or minutely 2-toothed at the base. Style-branches of the disk-flowers hirsute, apicu- 
late. Achenes narrowly obpyramidal, 3-5-angled, striate. Pappus of about 10 scales, parted 
to beyond the middle into numerous capillary, bristle-like segments. [In honor of J. von 
Boeber, a Russian botanist, died 1820.] 
About 3 species, natives of the central United States and of Mexico, the following typical. 
1. Boebera pappésa (Vent.) Rydb. Fetid Mari- 
gold. False Dog-fennel. Fig. 4549. 
Tagetes papposa Vent. Hort. Cels. pi. 36. 1800. 
Bocbera chrysanthemoides Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 2125. 1804. 
Dysodia chrysanthemoides Lag. Gen. et Sp. Nov. 29. 1816. 
D. papposa Hitche. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 5: 503. 1891. 
B. papposa Rydb.; Britton, Manual 1012. 1901. 
Annual, very leafy, glabrous or finely pubescent, 
gland-dotted, much branched, 6’-18’ high, the branches 
diffuse or erect. Leaves sessile, or short-petioled, 3’-13’ 
long, pinnately parted into linear or slightly spatulate, 
sharply serrate or incised segments; heads numerous, 
short-peduncled, 3-5” broad; involucre campanulate, 
of 8-10 appressed, oblong, obtuse, green or purplish, 
glabrous or ciliate bracts, with several narrow shorter 
outer ones; rays few, not longer than the width of the 
disk; receptacle and achenes pubescent. 
Along streams and roadsides, Ohio to Minnesota, Mon- 
tana, Louisiana, Mexico and Arizona. Occasionally found 
as a weed in waste places in the Eastern and Middle States, 
and in Ontario. Prairie-dogweed. July—Oct. 
87. THYMOPHYLLA Lag. Gen. et Sp. Nov. 25. 1816. 
[HyMENATHERUM Cass. Bull. Soc. Philom. 1817: 12. 1817.] 
Annual or perennial herbs, some species low undershrubs, with gland-dotted foliage and 
involucre, alternate or opposite leaves, and small heads of both tubular and radiate, mostly 
yellow flowers. Involucre campanulate, its principal bracts united into a cup, sometimes 
with smaller outer ones. Receptacle naked, or fimbrillate, not chaffy. Ray-flowers pistillate, 
fertile. Disk-flowers perfect, fertile. Style-branches truncate or blunt. Achenes striate. 
Pappus of several or numerous scales or bristles. [Greek, thyme-leaf, not applicable to the 
following species.] 
About 15 species, natives of America. Besides the following, some 4 others occur in the west- 
ern parts of the United States. Type species: Thymophylla setifolia Lag. 
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