560 COMPOSITAE. Vor. ILI. 
io. Centaurea solstitialis L. Barnaby’s 
Thistle. Fig. 4665. 
Centaurea solstitialis L. Sp. Pl. 917. 1753. 
Annual, cottony-pubescent, branched, 1°-2° high, 
the stem and branches winged by the decurrent leaf- 
bases. Basal leaves pinnatifid, often 6’ long; stem 
leaves lanceolate to linear, mostly entire, the upper 
3’-1’ long; involucre ovoid-globose, about 3’ thick, 
its principal bracts tipped by a stout, spreading or 
reflexed yellow spine, 6”’-10” long, with several 
much smaller ones at its base; flowers yellow, none 
radiant. 
Waste and cultivated grounds, Massachusetts to New 
York, Pennsylvania, Ontario and Utah, and in Cali- 
fornia. Adventive from Europe. July—Sept. 
tog. CNICUS [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 826. 1753. 
An annual herb, with alternate pinnatifid or sinuate-dentate leaves, the lobes or teeth 
spiny, and large sessile heads of yellow tubular flowers, solitary at the ends of the branches, 
subtended by the upper leaves. Bracts of the involucre imbricated in several series, the 
outer ovate, the inner lanceolate, tipped by long pinnately branched spines. Receptacle flat, 
bristly. Achenes terete, striate, laterally attached, the horny margin 10-toothed at the sum- 
mit; pappus of 2 series of awns, the inner fimbriate, the outer longer, naked; anther-append- 
ages elongated, united to their tips. [Latin name of Safflower, early applied to thistles.] 
A monotypic genus of the Old World. 
1. Cnicus benedictus L. Blessed Thistle. Our Lady’s Thistle. Fig. 4666. 
Cnicus benedictus L. Sp. Pl. 826. 1753. 
Centaurea benedica L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 1296. 
1763. 
Hirsute or pubescent, much branched, 
seldom over 23° high. Leaves oblong-lan- 
ceolate in outline, rather thin, reticulate- 
veined, 3-6’ long, the upper clasping, the 
basal and lower ones narrowed at the base 
and petioled; heads about 2’ broad, sub- 
tended by several large lanceolate to ovate- 
lanceolate leaves; bristles of the receptacle 
soft, long; outer awns of the pappus alter- 
nating with the inner. 
In waste places, Nova Scotia and New 
Brunswick to Maryland, Pennsylvania, Ala- 
bama and Michigan, and on the Pacific Coast. 
Adventive from southern Europe. Holy- or 
bitter thistle. Sweet-sultan. St. Benedict’s- 
thistle. May-Aug. 
Echinops sphaerocéphalus L., a tall spinose 
plant, with large clusters of 1-flowered invo- 
lucres, the flowers white or bluish, occasionally 
escapes from cultivation into waste grounds. 
It is native of Europe. 
SUMMARY. 
Families, Genera. Species Figured. 
POERTOOPH VTA, ausi's schon wolowaey 3éae4s pases II 31 130 
SPERMATOPHYTA 
Gymnospermae ..........0..cccee ee eeee 2 10 28 
Angiospermae 
Monocotyledones .......... ccc eeee 32 251 1261 
Dicotyledones 
Choripéetalae: sacred cate sacnuelns oe 103 526 1775 
Gamopetalae ..............0008 40 411 1472 
LOTAL, enditidhs wm caval Sawa lon nisi cuse aavine 194 1229 4666 
