LICHENS. 155 
more plentiful, but more largely developed in 
all its varied forms in Norway than in Iceland, and 
it is in Norway that it is now almost exclusively 
collected for the European market. 
Those who have read the affecting account which 
Franklin and Richardson give of their expedition 
to Arctic America, must be familiar with the name 
of the Tripe de Roche, which occurs on almost 
every page, and is intimately associated with the 
fearful sufferings which these brave men endured, 
Fic. 14.—GYROPHORA CYLINDRICA. 
(2) Enlarged portion. 
a part of which only would have sufficed to unseat 
the reason of most individuals. During their long 
_and terrible journey from the Coppermine River 
to Fort Enterprise, one of the stations of the Hud- 
son’s Bay Company—a journey to which, I venture 
to say, there are few parallels in the annals of 
human hardship—in the almost total absence of 
every other kind of salutary food, their lives were 
supported by a bitter and nauseous lichen, to 
