FRESH-WATER ALG. 229 
called Judenberg. In 1510, thirty-eight Jews were 
executed and then burned, for ‘having tormented 
a consecrated host until the blood came.’ The 
bleeding of the host, produced in consequence of 
the scepticism of the officiating priest, gave rise 
to the miracle of Bolsena in 1264; the priest’s gar- 
ment stained with blood being preserved until 
quite recent times as a relic. This gave rise to 
the foundation of the festival of the Corpus Christi 
by Urban Iv., although Raphael, painting his cele- 
brated picture in 1512, substitutes Julius 11. On 
November 6, 1548, a red substance like coagulated 
blood fell with a meteor at Thuringia. In 1560, 
on the day of Pentecost, red rain fell at Louvaine, 
and on the 24th of December of the same year at 
Lillebonne. In 1591 a shower of blood fell at 
Orleans ; in 1618 in Styria; in 1638 at Tourney ; 
on October 6, 1640, at Brussels; during May 5 
and 6, 1711, at Orsion in Sweden; in 1744, near 
Geneva; and in 1763 at Cleves, Utrecht, and 
several other places. Cloths covered with blood 
called Lepra vestium accompanied the plagues of 
the sixth and tenth centuries, and in the epidemics 
of 1500 and 1503 occasioned great alarm owing to 
the sign of the cross being recognised in the spots. 
Dr. D’Aubigné, in his History of the Reforma- 
tion, thus describes from the writings of Zwingle 
the appearance of a similar phenomenon :—‘On 
