FUNGI. 425 
destructive vegetable diseases that affect their pro- 
perties. It has been ascertained, for instance, that 
rust and blight arise from the over-manuring of 
fields ; the grain gorged with too copious a supply 
of nutritious juices, being brought into a favourable 
condition for the development of the dormant seeds 
of fungi which the wind may have wafted to it. 
The tendency in corn to form these diseases, 
therefore, may be prevented by moderate manur- 
ing, or by a free use of saline manures; while 
the seed before being sown should be steeped 
in a corrosive solution or in brine. With 
regard to mildew in wheat, it has been suggested 
by Mr. Tycho Wing, as a remedy, that no 
reeds or loose grass should be allowed to remain 
in the ditches, but everything should be cleared 
away, and consumed at once. ‘As the species 
which attacks reeds and grass is to all appearance 
the same with that of the wheat, the disease may 
be propagated in the spring from such outliers. 
‘For the same reason, it is desirable that the 
stubble should not be left on the land too long, 
and, indeed, long mowing must be better than 
reaping.” The various mildews that appear on the 
grape and other fruits and useful plants, may be 
prevented from developing themselves by the 
application, at an early stage, of powdered sul- 
phur, which, combining as it does with the oxygen 
