HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 47 
put the figures of last year in connection with these. The exported 
animals which are inspected reached 494,000, very nearly 500,000, and 
it is necessary that they should be inspected in the stock yards. We 
think they should be inspected when they are loaded, and that the 
vessels should be inspected, and that we should sce that they have 
proper room on board for them, the proper ventilation, the proper 
amount of feed, and the proper number of men to take care of them. 
Mr. Scorr. Is it necessary, Doctor, to have a certificate of inspec- 
tion from your Department go with every cargo of animals? 
Mr. Satmon. With every cargo of animals. 
Mr. Scorr. In order to have them received in the country to which 
they are consigned ? 
Mr. Saumon. Yes; and we have inspected and cleared 634 ships 
during the last year. That means, of course, that we saw that the 
fittings were right. 
The Cuarrman. You do not know offhand, I suppose, whether the 
export cattle last year increased over the cattle imported? 
Mr. Satuon. The export cattle did not increase, no; they decreased 
slightly, but not enough to make any difference in the inspection. 
The Cuarrman. Was there an increase in hogs, do you know, or of 
meat products generally ? 
Mr. Satmon. I could not tell you about that. The hog inspection— 
that is, the microscopic inspection—has been very low for two or three 
years. For instance, last year we inspected about half a million car- 
casses by microscopic inspection. 
The general export trade does not make very much difference to our 
work, in fact no difference, because we inspect all the animals that are 
killed in the large abattoirs, whether they go into interstate commerce 
or for export. 
Then our inspection for contagious diseases has been pretty heavy. 
We inspected of cattle going out of the Texas-fever district under 
supervision last year 1,620,000. Of course, it is necessary that those 
animals should be put in cars which have bills on them to show that 
they carry infected cattle. It is necessary when they are unloaded 
that they should be inspected by our men and put in the pens that are 
set apart for them. Then it is necessary that we should see that the 
cars are disinfected. This made it necessary that we should safeguard 
and disinfect 66,000 cars. I mention this to show you the extent to 
which the work has gone. 
The CHarrman. The Government does not do the disinfecting ? 
Mr. Sammon. We supervise it. We have to have men to see that it 
is done, otherwise it is not done. Then there is a large district along 
the Texas quarantine line, above the line, but which is more or less 
infected, that we put in a temporary quarantine, but let animals out 
on inspection, and it was necessary to inspect out of that district last 
year 389,000 cattle. 
Then we have been endeavoring to lessen the amount of sheep scab 
in the country. It got to be such a destructive disease that it almost 
ruined the sheep industry in some of the western States. We began 
by making regulations prohibiting the shipment of diseased sheep from 
one State toanother. We thought that would lead the States to clean 
it up, but it did not have much effect. The infected sheep were still 
shipped. They went into our stock yards and infected the sheep for 
export. This led to the prohibition of our sheep going into Great 
Britain, 
