20 HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTORE. 
Mr. Gattoway. A great many dothat. Many go outside and bring 
in seed. A great many go to the gins and take it just as it comes from 
the gins. - 
e have estimated for this breeding work the expenditure of 
$25,000. That includes the hybridization work, the breeding of the 
early and prolific types, and this matter of demonstrating the value of 
improved seed. That is, our idea is that that work could be carried 
on just as the sugar beet study work has been conducted. 
The Cnarrman. That would be under your Bureau? 
Mr. Gattoway. That would be under the Bureau of Plant Industry. 
We have made out the plan in detail, and I think that would be a rea- 
sonable expenditure for the year. The idea of this whole scheme is— 
The Cnarrman. Have you taken some steps along these lines already, 
Doctor, under your general appropriation. _ 
Mr. Gatioway. We have some work going on in that direction 
now, but it has been limited owing to lack of funds. 
Now the next point: ‘‘ Studies of cotton diseases.” 
The Cuarrman. You do not need any new legislation to enable you 
to continue those? 
Mr. Gattoway. No. 
The Cuarrman. It is covered by the general act? 
Mr. Gattoway. It is covered by the general act, and it would be 
covered by this act here because under that general clause of limiting 
the damage caused by the cotton-boll weevil and other infective dis- 
oases, we could take it up under this bill. That was considered in 
connection with the bill. 
The Cuarrman. This Burgess bill? 
Mr. Gatitoway. Yes, sir; the matter of diseases is an important one. 
One thing particularly that I wish to mention is the so-called root rot, 
whichin many cases in Texas this year will destroy, lam sure, one-fourth 
of the crop. There are other diseases, such as the anthracnose, root- 
knot, and similar maladies, all of which could be taken up, thoroughly 
investigated, and relief from them secured either by direct applica- 
tion of remedial measures or by securing of resistant types, just as we 
have done in the case of the sea island cottons along the Atlantic coast. 
Five years ago we entered into that field where the sea-island cotton 
industry was practically at a standstill on account of diseases, and in 
five years we have been able to secure, by breeding and selection, a 
resistant type, and the whole industry has been established. We are 
now distributing that seed to other sections, where this same form of 
disease exists. 
We have estimated for this work $25,000. 
The studies of cotton insects Doctor Howard will discuss. 
The next point is “‘ Introduction of new crops.” This we consider 
one of the most vital of the points at stake, because what the cotton 
grower needs now is not only information and instiuction that will 
enable him to secure cotton crops if he can, but if he can not, to grow 
something that will take its place. This means the taking up of the 
general question of diversification of crops in the South. 
The Cuatrman. Would not this more particularly come under the 
hearing which we will give you on your items of the appropriation bill! 
Mr. Gatioway. No, sir; it belongs right in here it seems to me 
eee a these matters will have to be considered in connection with 
is work. 
