18 HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 
may have an actual demonstration. For this reason J think the demon- 
stration work could be considerably extended, not only in the region 
where the weevil exists, but in the region outside of that, so as to be 
working in advance always of the work of the insect. 
The question has been raised, and recommendations have been made 
by the Dallas convention, that one of these demonstration farms might 
very well be put in every county in the infected districts. About 100 
counties are affected now. There are two hundred and some counties 
in Texas. This is perhaps more than would be required, but I believe 
the work should be so organized as to have demonstrative experiments 
of this kind, and it would be economy to have a considerable number at 
the start, because the results that are wanted can be secured quicker 
in that way than by having a few and having the effects of the work 
spread gradually over the State. ; 
So that, as an estimate, $50,000 could very well be spent, probably, 
in this work, but that is a matter Doctor Howard will more fully dis- 
cuss, and the experience of this law will show what he has accomplished 
in that direction. But at the same time it seems to me that the size of 
the area devoted to this sort of work might be considerably limited so 
that we would not have‘too large tracts of territory to cover and look 
after, and, furthermore, that a considerable portion of this work will 
not necessarily cost the Government anything except the mere super- 
vision. 
Mr. GraFr. I notice you stated that $40,000 or $50,000 would be 
necessary to operate 100 of these stations located in the different coun- 
ties. That would only be about $400 or $500 a station. 
Mr. Gattoway. The main expense in connection with that work will 
be supervision and necessary demonstration of the fact that cotton not 
handled by the methods advocated by the Department would not give 
acrop. You have got to have ‘‘before taking” and ‘‘after taking” 
right together, and the arrangements can be made so that the crops 
can be made remunerative by following the Department’s directions, 
but you will have to have a portion of the ground in cotton that will 
be nearly an absolute loss; and to meet that you will have to in some 
way reimburse the owner. 
Mr. uae Then you think it will only cost $400 or $500 for each 
station? ; 
Mr. Gattoway. That altogether depends on the number of stations, 
but Ido not think it would necessarily cost more than that if you limit 
the area to 25 or 30 acres, which seems to me all that is required. 
I shall pass now to the next line of work, ‘‘work having for its 
object the production of new, early, and improved varieties of catton 
and the general improvement of the seed.” This is work that would 
come properly under the Bureau of Plant Industry, and is based on 
the fact that these early maturing varieties are valuable, but they all 
have objections, from the fact that they are not as good yielders as 
other sorts that are not early. They have objections furthermore 
from the fact that they are easily blown out, as the expression goes, 
by storms—that is, the cotton is blown out, and in many cases the 
foliage is of a type that is undesirable. So that in the matter of 
breeding resistant or storm resistant sorts and early types an impor- 
tant line of work is possible. This would necessitate the careful 
investigation of cottons growing in other sections, the bringing together 
