74 HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 
training they have had in agricultural colleges is not sufficient for 
them to start at once in positions of any responsibility in the soil 
survey, so that we have to take the best men we can get with the best 
training we can get and put them into a position to imbibe this knowl- 
edge and this skill in the soil survey, and as they get more and more 
experience our plan has been to give them an increase of $200 in their 
salaries, and as they get further along we are advancing them until we 
are giving our five-year men $1,800. 
The Cuarrman. Do you find any of them leave you at that salary? 
Mr. Wuttney. No, sir; they stay with us. They are very loyal, 
although they have had offers. . : 
The Cuarrman. Does not that make a congestion in promotions? 
Does it not prevent promotion? 
Mr. Wurrtney. It has not so far, Mr. Chairman, because we have 
just got our first class up to the top. There are only four of them, 
and it has not troubled us at all. Then, with the development of the 
work of the Bureau, there is going to be opportunity for putting them 
in other lines of work where the experience they have acquired in the 
soil-survey work is going to be extremely valuable. 
This accounts for $3,000 that we think will be necessary. 
The Cuarrman. That will be increase in salaries? 
Mr. Wurtwey. Increase in salaries. 
The Cuarrman. Under the lump sum? 
Mr. Wuitney. Under the lump sum. Then the soil survey has 
reached such proportions and is such an important piece of work that 
we think we must get two men as inspectors, and for their salaries and 
their traveling expenses we will need about $9,000. 
Mr. Scorr. What work will they do? 
The Cuarrman. Yes; what work will these inspectors do? 
Mr. Wuitney. We have parties all over the country really engaged 
in the soil survey. We have 20 parties, and they are going constantly 
into new areas, finding new soils, describing soils that they are meet- 
ing for the first time, and it is becoming more and more necessary that 
every one of those areas should be visited by some person who is 
familiar with the work in the other areas. We do not want to multi- 
ly the number of soil names that we get. If there is a soil in southern 
ississippi that is similar to a soil in eastern South Carolina it is very 
important for us to know it. It is not only necessary for us to describe 
the soil in southern Mississippi, but the fact that the same soil occurs 
in South Carolina may be a matter of the utmost importance. 
To illustrate that I will speak of the finding of this Cuban tobacco 
soil in Texas. In the course of our survey we found what we believed 
to be the Cuban tobacco soil in eastern Texas. We sent some of our 
tobacco experts to Cuba and had them examine the conditions in 
Texas, and the fact that they were satisfied that the conditions of soil 
and climate, together with the product that had already been grown 
on these soils, is a sufficient promise to justify us in going ahead with 
that work. When we had identified this soil it immediately occurred 
to us that it was similar to a soil that was described from Perry County, 
Ala., and also from Darlington, S. C., and was similar to a soil that 
Iremembered seeing years ago at Orangeburg, 8. C., which is just a 
short distance away. We have called that soil the Orangeburg sandy 
loam and the Orangeburg clay, taking the name from South Caroling 
where it was first seen, although we ia first mapped it in Texas. I 
