HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 145 
Mr. Taytor. No, sir. Our minimum was 100 carriers of this size. 
A hundred carriers is about the minimum; that would be about one- 
fourth of a carload. We are testing different packages; we are devis- 
ing special packages to meet the needs of particular fruits. For 
instance, we have modified the regular six-basket carrier, which is 
known throughout the South generally as a six-basket peach carrier; 
we find the baskets are too small for those summer apples to pack 
advantageously, and we have made a special four-basket; the unit is 
the same, but the subdivision of the unit is different. 
Mr. Scorr. Four against six? 
Mr. Taytor. Yes, sir. And our receivers report that this package 
ismuch preferable. It delivers the fruit in much better condition, 
and it shows off better, as you can see by this print. Weare also test- 
ing flat boxes, a 20-pound package, which reduces the storage space 
occupied by agiven quantity of fruit considerably, because it is more 
compact. The result on some varieties with this package have shown 
distinctly favorable to it; in other cases, not. But that work we shall 
need to pursue further. 
As I have said before, we must reach the point where we can make 
our shipments of distinctly commercial size. That is the general 
objection we meet from shippers, that we must be able to handle some 
of these things after we get an index as to which is likely to be the 
better, we must handle some of those in carload shipments, so they 
can take the regular handling of all comers. 
Mr. Bowrs. You mean so as to be made more economically ? 
Mr. Taytor. Not only that, but so they can be subject to all the 
exigencies and uncertainties of ocean handling, so that they will come 
down the same chutes of the ships at Southampton as other commercial 
lots do, and in every way receive the same handling. 
Mr. Bowre. Are these apples wrapped? 
Mr. Taytor. Yes. 
Mr. Bowrg. Is that the customary way to handle them? 
Mr Tayrtor. No, sir; but with summer apples we have determined 
that point beyond any question I think, that those delicate apples 
must be wrapped. 
Mr. Bow1z. Looking at those four baskets there, one looks like two? 
Mr. Taytor. There are two tiers; there is a tray between them. 
It is a two-story carrier, you might say. 
The Cuarrman. You need $5,000 increase for your agent abroad? 
Mr. Taytor. For his employment and maintenance, and the sup- 
plemental work that will of necessity grow out of that; we shall have 
to keep records; we have to devise some way of obtaining records of 
the temperatures in transit on the ocean steamers. ; 
The Cuarrman. Do you not think that is a matter that the shippers 
ought to attend to; do you think that. is a governmental function? 
Mr. Taytor. I believe it is where it affects definitely the character 
of the product on its delivery on the other side. In fact, experience 
shows that unless we undertake it it is almost certain to be done in the 
easiest way, Which is not always the best way. 
The CHAIRMAN. It will be done eventually in the way that pays the 
best; if they do not do it that way they will not do it at all. ; 
Mr. TayLor. But it is often the case, at least it is our observation 
that it is very often the case, that the ocean line does not see things 
from the right side, they see the ship side of it—— 
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