AHEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 151 
Mr. Wricur. They raise that fruit to maturity in those experiment 
stations. Could not they attend to the picking of it under instructions 
from here, as well as for you to have some one there to attend to it? 
Mr. Tayztor. Perhaps | was misunderstood in this particular. It is 
this viticulture work. They are growing no fruit. We are in coop- 
eration with them in this viticulture. In fact, we have raised these 
vineyards on the ground of private growers, and we have underway 
there that comprehensive investigation of the viticulture problem which 
we believe will yield large results to that industry. It represents an 
investment out there of about $100,000,000; and there are sections of 
the State where grape wood is for sale and is advertised on the fence 
posts which you see as you drive along. That is owing to the failure 
of the vines to withstand the insects. It has passed from the entomo- 
logical stage to the practical stage and that is where we take it up. 
Mr. Burieson. Where did those vines originally come from? 
Mr. Taytor. Those vines were originally American vines, but they 
have been chiefly developed in France, where this insect first became 
troublesome. It did not reach the Pacific coast until long afterwards. 
This insect was native to France, and it did not appear in the United 
States until long after it appeared in France and Spain. 
Mr. Burteson. Who originated the idea of the resistant root? 
Mr. Tartor. I think, if [am not mistaken, the credit was equally 
due to a French investigator and to our Doctor R , late ento- 
mologist in the Department. 
The Cuatrman. Have you the bill before you? 
Mr. Taytor. Yes, sir. ° 
The Cuatrman. Take page 10, right at the end, you omit the word 
phylloxia? 
Mr. Taytor. Yes, sir. 
Mr. Gattoway. Phylloxia is simply an incident there. There are 
other things just as important. 
The Cuarrman. You are the pomologist on the lump-sum roll, are 
you not? 
Mr. Gattoway. Mr. Taylor is the assistant pomologist. 
Mr. Taytor. I am the pomologist in charge of field investigations, 
which is my exact title. 
The Cuarrman. What is your salary ? 
Mr. Taytor. $2,500. 
The Cuarrman. You are of the lump sum? 
Mr. Taytor. No; I am on the statutory law. 
Mr. Gatitoway. That is on page 8. 
The CuarrMANn. One pomologist? 
Mr. Gattoway. Yes. 
The Cuarrman. Then you are not the assistant pomologist? 
Mr. Taruor. No, sir; I rank next to Colonel Brackett, the pomolo- 
gist. The $2,250 place is held by Mr. Powell, who is associated with 
me in the work I have. 
The Cuatrman. Is it not rather putting the cart before the horse to 
place so many of these employees on the temporary roll? It is really 
becoming a permanent roll. . : 
Mr. Gattoway. It is permanent in a way and it is temporary Ina 
way. The fact of the matter is this: It enables us to economize In 
the matter of salaries, as I have explained before. When we had our 
reorganization several years ago we did away with divisions and we 
