HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 223 
northern part of Lake Michigan. We display storm warnings there 
now. 
Mr. Henry. Can not you use wireless telegraphy 4 
Professor Moors. Yes; but the cable is better. We are asking for 
$2,000 to connect North Manitou with South Manitou; that isan island 
a short distance above, and we could do that with very little addi- 
tional expense. 
The Cuarrman. That service is all closed in the winter? 
Professor Moore. It is closed three months in the year. 
The Cuarrman. How long is it open? 
Professor Moors. That service closes the latter part or middle of 
December and opens again the first of April. 
ae CHALEMAN. That cable is entirely in the interest of the shipping 
industry ? 
Professor Moore. Yes, sir; and it is connected with the Light-House 
Service and the Life-Saving Service. 
~The Cuarrman. Is there a light-house at North Manitou? 
Professor Moors. Yes, sir. I say in my report: 
In connection with the South Manitou Island line, it should be mentioned that 
the employees of the Light-House and Life-Saving services and other residents are very 
desirous of having this Bureau extend its cable line from South Manitou to North 
Manitou Island. While on the ground Mr. Robinson made inquiry as to the benefit 
such a line would be to lake navigation— 
That matter was brought to my attention by one of the Represent- 
atives, Mr. Bishop, I think— 
and learned that it would be useful in reporting and conveying orders to vessels 
that seek the. North Manitou harbor, and that the island would also be a valuable 
point for the display of storm warnings. By utilizing the spare cable stored at 
Charlevoix the connection could be made and a steel tower erected on North 
Manitou for $2,000 or less. 
I therefore recommended the appropriation for that purpose. 
Telegraphic connection with Tatoosh Island, Washington, was rees- 
tablished during November, 1902, by means of a steel span wire, in 
lieu of the old submarine cable that failed in 1898; but the extraor- 
dinary difficulties encountered in the construction and maintenance 
of a land line to Cape Flattery, which for the past twenty years have 
rendered telegraphic communication with this important aude ex- 
ceedingly precarious, in spite of our best efforts, call for different 
methods of meeting the urgent demands for a uninterrupted 
weather and vessel reports from Tatoosh Island. An all-cable line 
from Port Angeles to Tatoosh Island offers the only practical solution 
of the problem of keeping open communication along those straits 
permanently. This, together with a cable from Flavel, Oreg., to 
ort Canby, Wash., which is necessary for the betterment of the North 
Head weather and vessel reporting service, calls for an appropriation 
of $90,000. 
So we built a vessel-reporting station at the mouth of the river, and 
we find that we have difficulty in getting the reports to the rest of the 
country because of the defective communication across the mouth of 
the river. It therefore becomes necessary to ask for this appropria- 
tion. 
The Cuarrman. Are there no telegraph lines, either the Western 
Union or the Postal? 
Professor Moorg. No, sir; we go over and connect with the Western 
Union. 
