314 HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 
Mr. Hn. Occasionally, for farmers’ bulletins. 
Mr. Henry. Not very many of those, Mr. Hill? 
Mr. Hiriu. Not very many. 
The Cuarrman. Very few. I remember seeing one on irrigation 
expenses last year. 
Mr. Hi. The foreman that is now an aye of our department; 
there was a time we got one from him, as a drainage expert. We got 
one from him; and occasionally we have a Yearbook article, and in 
addition to that we pay our artists—the bulk of our artists—from 
that fund; but it is not altogether a permanent force. We have left 
it in that lump sum because we have occasionally to put on a man for 
two or three weeks—sometimes for two or three months—and yet 
not permanently; and there are a few of them that have practically 
become permanent because they have grown up to our work. Then 
in our photographic work, in our efforts to reduce the more expensive 
illustrations and to avoid the expense of artists, we use photography 
more and more. 
We have a very good equipment, and I find it absolutely necessary 
for me to have one or more assistants at work in that line. But I can 
et assistants at from $840 to $1,000 in that line, that would cost from 
1,200 to $1,400 if I had to put artists on. It would cost at least 
$1,000 more in wages, for artists, than it would—— 
Mr. Bowrz. Do the plates cost any different? 
Mr. Hix. That would be mechanical; but as to the artists them- 
selves, you can get a man who will help in our photographic laboratory 
for $400 or $500 less than I can get a first-class artist-—— 
Mr. Bown. | want to know what you save on the plates. 
Mr. Hinz. A great deal less on the plates. We are doing much 
more line engraving and half-tone, all of which is done with our pho- 
tographic work, and we help a great deal on the map work, and save 
a great deal. Most of our illustrations are made by photography, 
where a few years ago we made them by hand. 
My, Burxeson. Did you print that [showing map], issued by Biol- 
ogist? 
Mr. Hr. I think I did. That was prepared here; yes. 
Mr. Burieson. How nouch does that cost? 
Mr. Hiri. I could not tell you. 
Mr. Burieson. Approximately? 
Mr. Hit1. It is one of the most difficult things in the world. I would 
have to count the colors and know the exact size of the edition, which 
I can not remember. 
Mr. Burusson. It would cost $300 or $4002 
Mr. Hix. I should think so, yes; in bulletin form I should say 
about $300—I should think that would be a safe estimate, but I would 
not like to be tied down to $50 one way or the other. That is for an 
issue for 3,500 or 4,000 copies. 
Mr. Grarr. Are these farmers’ bulletins that are issued, all of them, 
extracted from the same matter that goes into the Yearbook? 
_Mr. Hit. By no means. That occasionally happens. We occa- 
sionally have a Yearbook article that is good material for a farmers’ 
bulletin, and there is no use sending a man a whole Yearbook because 
he simply wants the one article, so we reissue it as a farmers’ bulletin; 
but that has happened I, think, in only about half a dozen cases. 
Mr. Grarr. Are not these employees of the Department in any 
